Language in Use 1 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in brackets and the suffix -ant or -ancy 2 Answer the questions and check with your dictionary if necessary 3 Rewrite the sentences using by the time 4 Rewrite the sentences using as if / as though
5 Translate the sentences into Chinese6 Translate the sentences into English
Language in Use
1 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in brackets and the suffix -ant or ancy.immigrants 1 About 800,000 illegal ___________enter the US every year. (immigrate) 2 She says her dream is to be one of the contestants on __________ a TV reality show like “Big Brother”. (contest) 3 I want to get a job as a teacher, but there aren’t many vacancies __________ at the moment. (vacant) consultancy 4 I have a friend who runs a management___________ in London. (consult)
Language in Use
5 The trial lasted three days, during which time the _________ never opened her mouth. (defend) defendant 6 Mel can’t make his mind up about anything. His _________ is a bit worrying. (hesitant) hesitancy 7 I don’t know the way out of the building. Perhaps you attendant should ask the__________ over there. (attend) pregnancy 8 A normal _________ lasts for about 40 weeks. (pregnant) assistant 9 He worked as an _________ headteacher for two years before coming here. (assist)
Language in Use
2 Answer the questions and check with your dictionary if necessary.1 What happens if you don’t understand something properly? You misunderstand it. 2 What have you done with something if it’s in the wrong place ? You have misplaced it. 3 What is the opposite of good fortune? It is misfortune.
Language in Use
4 If you have made an incorrect judgement of someone’s character, what have you done? You have made a misjudgement. 5 If you have not been correctly informed about something, what has happened? You have been misinformed about it.
Language in Use
3 Rewrite the sentences using by the time.1 I arrived at the party. Almost everyone had already left. By the time I arrived at the party, almost everyone had already left. 2 At the age of two, children know about 100 words. By the time children are two, they have known about 100 words. 3 In the end he realized what was happening, but it was too late to ask for help. By the time he realized what was happening, it had been too late to ask for help.
Language in Use
4 When I finally got my degree, most of my friends already had jobs. By the time I finally got my degree, most of my friends already had jobs. 5 Children learn a lot of useful skills before they leave primary school. By the time they leave primary school, children have learnt a lot of useful skills. 6 Courtney finished writing the essay. The deadline had already passed. By the time Courtney finished writing the essay, the deadline had already passed.
Language in Use
4 Rewrite the sentences using as if / as though.1 I didn’t make the mistake, but the old man shoute
d at me. The old man shouted at me, as if / as though it were me who had made the mistake. 2 The girl didn’t fall over, but she started crying. The girl started crying, as if / as though it were she who had fallen over.
Language in Use
3 It wasn’t Lucy’s party, but she stood at the door welcoming everyone. Lucy stood at the door welcoming everyone, as if / as though it were her party. 4 David wasn’t making the noise, but Sylvia closed the door of his room. Sylvia closed the door of David’s room, as if / as though it were him that was making the noise.
Language in Use
5 Translate the sentences into Chinese.1 Such motor mimicry, as it is called, is the original technical sense of the word empathy as it was first used in the 1920s by E. B. Titchener, an American psychologist. Titchener’s theory was that empathy stemmed from a sort of physical imitation of the distress of another, which then evokes the same feelings in oneself.这种所谓的运动神经模仿就是“同感”的原始技术含义， 而“同感”这个词于20世纪20年代由美国心理学家E.B.铁钦 纳首次使用。铁钦纳的理论是：同感发自对他人痛苦的一种 身体模仿，这种模仿继而在自身引起同样的心理感受。 第一句较复杂，应先弄清句子的主干，再根据各限定 语的逻辑关系，按照汉语的语序来译。)
Language in Use
2 He sought a word that would be distinct from sympathy, which can be felt for the general plight of another with no sharing whatever of what that other person is feeling. Motor mimicry fades from toddlers’ repertoire at around two and a half years, at which point they realize that someone else’s pain is different from their own, and are better able to comfort them.他当时在寻找一个与同情有所区别的词；同情是针对他 人的一般困境而发的，无须分担他人的任何感受。小孩两岁 半左右就渐渐不再有运动神经模仿行为，那时他们会意识到 别人的痛苦与自己的不同，会更有能力安慰别人。 第一句中 which 引导的定语从句较长，因此可将整个 句子译成两个分句，且有必要重复“同情”一词。第二句宜 将主语“运动神经模仿行为”改作宾语，以“小孩子”作主 语，使译文前后主语一致。
Language in Use
3 I also love the split-second shocked expression on thenew people, the hasty smiles and their best imitations of what they think of as their “normal faces”. If they do the ritual well enough I turn my head ever so slightly and tuck my hair behind one of my ears, whichever one’s closer to them.我也喜欢生人脸上那瞬间的震惊表情、匆忙的微笑和他 们竭力装出的“正常脸色”。如果他们这套仪式做得够好， 我就会微微转过头，把头发掖到离他们较近的那只耳朵后面。 应注意 split-second, of what they think, ever so, whichever 等的译法，尽量译得简短
通顺。
Language in Use
4 “I mostly just read lips because it was easier to pick upthan signing, although that’s not the only reason I was staring at your lips,” I told him. He laughed. We talked more, and then the host upped the music volume and dimmed the lights for the “dance floor”, and I had to lean in much, much closer to be able to continue reading his lips in the semi-darkness. And read his lips I did.我告诉他说：“我基本上只读唇语，因为这比用手语更 容易，但这不是我一直盯着你的嘴唇的唯一原因。”他大笑 起来。我们又说了一会儿话。后来，主人放大音乐的音量， 调暗“舞池”的灯光；我不得不凑近他，近得多得多，以便 能在昏暗中接着读他的唇语。我的确读到了他的唇语。 这句话中的 read his lips 在不同的地方意思稍有不同， 翻译时应注意区别。
Language in Use
6 Translate the sentences into English. 1 一看见抽屉里的那些老照片，我的眼泪就涌了出来。它们让我想起了我跟爷爷奶奶、爸爸妈妈、兄弟姐妹一起生活的美 好时光。(the moment; well up)
The moment I saw those old photos in the drawer, tears welled up in my eyes, for my memory went back to the days when I lived happily with my grandparents, my parents and my brothers and sisters.
Language in Use 2 有个学生踩到地上的一滩水滑倒了。周围的人反应各异，有 的关心地走上前去看他是否受伤了、能为他做点什么；有的 则站在一边不知所措；有的干脆就不理。(perge from;
approach; confuse over; tune out) When a student slipped on a pool of water and fell over, people’s reaction perged from one another. Some approached caringly to see if he was hurt and if they could help; some just stood there confusing over what to do about it; while others just tuned out.
Language in Use
3 上星期六上午，我像往常一样去超市购物。我刚要打开车门，却发现没带钱包。我只好回家去找, 可是哪儿也找不到。
(do the usual; do nothing but; fail to do) Last Saturday morning, I did the usual and went shopping in the supermarket. When I was about to open the door of my car, I found that I did not have my wallet on me. I could do nothing but go back home in search of it, but I failed to find it anywhere.
