in a flood of words 滔滔不绝的
She blamed her husband in a flood of words on seeing him.
★float v. 漂浮， 飘浮 drift
★tragic adj. 悲惨的
unfoutunate; a tragic accident miserable 苦难的 bitter 痛苦的 tragedy n. 悲剧， 惨剧 in tragedy 以悲剧形式 The holiday ended in tragedy.
comedy 喜剧 comic 喜剧的，滑稽的 comical 古怪的，可笑的 ★liner n. 班船 ★voyage n. 航行 voyage 海上航行 flight 飞行
journey 长途行程
navigation 航海，航海术
The voyage is more than the old lady can bear.
★iceberg n. 冰山 ★lookout n. 瞭望员 ★collision n. 碰撞 collide vi 碰撞，抚触
The plane collided with the mountain crash v. 坠毁
It is said that there is an airplane that crashed in the mountains.
conflict vi. 和某事（某人）相抵触 My idea conflicts with yours. clash vi. 相冲突
Eg: His wedding clashed with my examination, so I couldn?t go. ★narrowly adv. 刚刚，勉强地 ★miss v. 避开
★slight adj. 轻微的 ★tremble v. 震颤
tremble v. 有规律的、小幅度的抖动
Look, your hands are trembling, what?s wrong with you?
shiver v. 强调由于寒冷、惧怕而一连串地抖动 I found he?s shivering in a cold. shudder vi. 强调全身的颤栗
The boy is shuddering, why? Because he was frightened. ★faint adj. 微弱的 faint: weak
faint sound / weak sound; weak voice / faint voice
faint: unconscious 失去知觉
He has been faint for a long time. slight 轻微的，微不足道的
a slight headache; a slight book ★horror n. 恐惧 ★abandon v. 抛弃
abandon 因为某事而被迫放弃自己喜爱的事物 He abandoned his research because of the war.
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desert 背弃，遗弃
desert the army; desert the duty; desert his family
★plunge v. 投入，跳入
plunge: jump or rush suddenly and wildly He got so angry that he plunge into the water.
When the ship Titanic sank in the ocean, a large number of people plunged into… jump:侧重强调快速地跳
The boy is jumping up and down.
leap: 跳跃 He leapt out of the sleeping bad. dive 跳水、潜水 ★lifeboat n. 救生船 三、【课文精析】
The great ship, Titanic, sailed for …背景介绍
sail for 航海去往某处
set out (off) for 出发去往某处 leave for, head for, make for
Eg: He will set out for the Atlantic. The plane is making for the airport. We are heading for Canada.
Even by… by : according to 表示依据 modern standards 现代的标准
by regulation 依据规则 ; by ruies 依据条例 by our estimate 根据我们的估计
by one?s looks / by one?s appearance 根据某人的长相
according to 依据 （事实、课文等客观存在的现实）
according to the fact 依据事实
according to the text 依据这篇课文 according to / in accordance with in accordance with 更加正式
in accordance with law 依据法律 in accordance with rules at that time 在当时
not only… but (also )… 不仅…而且 be regarded as: be considered to be, be thought of as 把…看作为
口语中： regard sb. / sth. as + (n. / pron. / adj. / doing / done)
Eg: I regarded his idea as totally unacceptable.
We can?t regard the matter as settled. for 表示原因
be able to 强调有能力
be remembered 被永远记住 go down: sink
on her first voyage 处女航， 首航
with heavy loss of life 损失惨重，造成大批人员的死亡
four days after setting out… : four days after setting off…
…spotted…: suddenly discovered by a look out
icy waters 水域，海域 to avoid…不定式表目的 just in time 很及时
missing 现在分词做状语，表示对主句的补充说明 narrowly 勉强地
which 指代the immense wall of ice from below 从下方 from above 从上方 … so faint that no one thought that… so… that…
to one?s horror 使某人感到惊讶 Key sentence:
five of her sixteen watertight
compartments had been filled with water.
The order was given 命令被下达 to abandon ship 弃船，不定式做定语 As (because ) there were not enough lifeboats… 1,500 lives died.
the order was given. 命令被下达
to abandon ship 弃船 不定式做做定语 ability 能力
the ability to do sth. order sb. to do sth.
be capable of doing sth. 强调有做某事的能力 capability of doing sth. 做某事的能力 Lesson 11 Not guilty 无罪 ★guilty adj. 犯罪的，违法的
He felt guilty when he did what he shouldn?t have done.
He said that with a guilty smile. guilt n. guiltily a.
反义词： innocent, innocence n. ★tolerant adj. 宽容的
a tolerant person must be easy going. tolerantly ad. tolerance n. tolerate vt.
tolerable adj. 可以忍受的，说得过去的 ★declare v. 申报
★hardened adj. 有经验的 （侧重于老练的） a hardened player a hardened thief
experienced (侧重于有经验的) an experienced teacher
★professional adj. 职业的，专业的 a professional player 选手 ★smuggler n. 走私者
★officious adj. 爱管闲事的
a lot of old ladies are officious. officiously adv. officiousness n.
officious civil servant 好管闲事的公务员 an officious police officer
official 官方的，官员的，正式的
An official inquiry will be made into this matter. 对此事将进行一次官方调查
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★confidently adj. 自信地
He went to do the work confidently. = with confidence 充满信心的 confident adj. confidence n.
have confidence 有信心 gain confidence 获得信心
in confidence 悄悄的，秘密的 = secretly take sb. into one?s confidence 以某人为心腹
Eg: The boss take his secretary into his confidence.
★dreadful adj. 可怕的，一团糟的 = frightful （表示胆怯的，恐惧的） dreadful (侧重于可怕的，乱七八糟的) ★pounce v. 猛抓， 扑住 ★perfume n. 香水
fragrance:（抽象名词） 芬芳，芳香 ★sarcastically adv. 讽刺地 ★exempt adj. 被免除的 ★duty n. 税
Customs Duty:关税 Stamp duty 印花税 duty free 免税的
同义词 tax income tax 所得税 ★gel n. 凝胶
★mixture n. 混合物 mix v. mix sth. with ★unscrew v. 拧开 ★nostril n. 鼻孔 ★chalk n. 粉笔 ★baggage n. 行李 同义词 luggage 三、【课文精析】 quite tolerant
我们在运用形容词、动词时，往往需要用副词来强调。
表示“真正的” really
a really officious person
强调“特别，尤其是” particularly 强调“绝对的” absolutely
强调“完全的，彻底的” completely, entirely, fully, thoroughly fairly----强调“一般般”
very ----语气程度强烈“非常”
rather----语意程度接近fairly, 注意修饰形容词和副词，特别是形容词同时修饰名词时，不定冠词的位置。
A fairly good book.
A rather good book / Rather a good book rather too
quite---- ~ right / wrong / mistaken / sure 绝对不能用very替代。
Even really honest people…
a particularly officious young Customs Officer…
the Green Channel = the Custom Office are made to feel guilty
madk, have, let 及感官性动词see, hear, notice, feel 用于主动语态，符合宾语不定式的to符号应该省略。但这种结构改成被动式时，不定式符号必须还原。
We heard someone come up the stairs. Someone was heard to come up the stairs. (On the one hand…, ) on the other hand On the one hand we could stay and help you, but on the other hand it might be better if you went to help him instead. hidden in his suitcase
过去分词短语作定语，修饰watches.
even if / though he has five hundred gold watches hidden in his suitcase.
looking me in the eye: 两眼直盯盯的注视着我 look sb. in the face, stare sb. in the eye = look directly at sb.
Not one of the men dared look him in the eye.
The Officer went through the case with
great care. = The Officer examined the case carefully.
with great care----强调相当的仔细 in a mess:乱作一团
介词in 和名词搭配，表示一种状态 秩序井然： in good order 身体健康： in good health 心情好： in a good mood 脾气好： in a good temper light up:喜气洋洋，容光焕发
Eg: Masha's face lit up when she saw her old friend.
His face lighted up at the small triumph. Tom really lighted up when he saw the new biccycle.
light有两种过去分词，过去式形式：lit, lighted 但是如果运用过去分词作定语，表示被点燃的。要用lighted
一只被点燃的雪茄：a lighted cigar 点燃的火炬： a lighted stick.
介词短语－－with delight “欣喜若狂的”
with和抽象名词搭配，表示内心充满了一种感情 自信地： with confidence 细心地： with care 骄傲的： with pride
欣喜若狂的：with delight 惊讶的： with surprise
pounce on:向…猛扑过去，对…大做文章
Eg: The policeman pounced on the thief. Don't pounce on my mistake. should have 和过去分词搭配，表示本应该做某事却没有做，具有谴责性的味道。
You should have arrived here five minutes earlier.
You should have told me about it. 本不应该做某事：shouldn?t have done exempt:免除的，被免除的 be ~ from
Drinks are not exempt from import duty.
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as----关系代词， 引导非限制性定语从句。他所指代的内容就是主句的整个句子的含义。
As we know, the earth is round. (众所周知) As Brian pointed out, …（正如…所指出的） 正如我很快得知的：as sb. mentioned 关系代词as 和which的区别：
as 所引导 的非限制性定语从句，可用在主句之前
which 引导的非限制性定语从句，只能用在主句之后。
副词形式：encouragingly
He was greeted by an unpleasant smell… greet:问候，向…致意；觉察到, 呈现在…眼前，在…耳边
I woke up and was greeted by a bird?s song. Inside the room adreadful mess greeted us. When he went into the kitchen, a smell greeted him.
Lesson 12 Life on a desert island ★desert island 荒岛 desert : 沙漠 v. 背弃， 遗弃 dessert:甜点
★unrealistic adj. 不真实的 ★paradise n. 天堂，乐土
a lot of people imagine the USA as their paradise.
heaven: 天堂，天国，也指死亡 ★wretched adj. 可怜的，艰苦的 miserable
lead a wretched / miserable / terrible life ★starve v. 挨饿 starve to death ★element n. 成分 ★opportunity n. 机会
golden opportunity 绝佳的机会
opportunity knocks only once 千载难逢的机会
chance 表机会时可以与opportunity 互换，表可能性时则不可
I had chance / opportunity of visiting Paris. There is a chance that I will see him.
The chances are that he will be elected the president.
The chances are that he will past his examination next week. + of, to
He had not opportunity to see her. ★oral n. 珊瑚
★irgin Islands 维尔京群岛
★Miami n. 迈阿密 （美国最南的城市） ★dinghy n. 救生筏，小船 ★Caribbean n. 加勒比海 ★spear gun 捕鱼枪 ★lobster n. 龙虾 ★tanker n. 油轮
★genuinely adv. 由衷地
He is genuinely thankful to me.
adj. genuine n. genuineness
★Robinson Crusoe 鲁滨逊?克鲁索 （小说《鲁滨逊漂流记》主人公） 三、【课文精析】
form an unrealistic picture of sth. 对...抱有不切实际的幻想 Key sentence:
A large number of people have formed an unrealistic picture of the job. imagine sth. to be / imagine sth. as Some people imagine flying to be more dangerous than traveling by train.
A large number people imagin the USA as their paradise.
quite the opposite: 恰恰相反 either…or…
Either you or I am going to the party. 谓语动词和最接近的主语保持一致。
Either coming or go out don?t stand on the doorway.要么进来，要么出去，不要站在门口。 An element of truth: a bit of truth Optimistic: 乐观的
Pessimistic: 消极的，悲观的
Wish做谓语动词，其后的宾语从句中要使用虚拟语气；虚拟语气的结构形式取决于所表达的实际情况：
1.如果表达对现在的遗憾或与现在相反的情况，that从句中的动词要采用过去时，be 动词要用were
I wish you could drive a car.
2.如果表达对过去的遗憾或与过去相反的情况，that从句中的动词要采用过去完成时
I wish I hadn?t spent so much money. I wish that you had written to him.
3. 如果表达与将来事实相反或将来不可能实现的心愿，that从句中要使用would, could等情态动词的过去时
I wish that I could go abroad tomorrow. I wish that you could come here tomorrow. if only要比 wish 更富有戏剧性和感情色彩 If only the weather would change. I wish the weather would change.
We wish that we knew where to look for him.
If only we knew to look for him.
If only we could have gone to the party. If only you hadn?t said that.
If only you would come here tomorrow. Have sth. Repaired
load with 把…装载到…上
Eg: The workers are loading the truck with goods.
Unload: 卸
hardly any: very little / few
Eg: Hardly anybody likes him becaues he is so rude.
You hardly eat anything, what's wrong?
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prove to be===turn out to be put: express
If only we could have stayed on the desert island a little bit longer. Lesson 13 ?It?s only me? ◆costume n. 化装服 costume ball 化妆舞会 costume party
fancy (dress ) party suit 西服，西装 dress 裙子
◆consist v. 由...组成
consist of--由…组成（表示被动概念）==be made up of ==comprise ==be composed of (强调由什么成分所构成)
Eg: Our class consist of 100 students. The United Kingdom consists of G.B. and Northern Ireland.
The house consists of six rooms. be composed of----
Water is composed of oxygen and hydrogen.
constitute v.----由部分构成整体
The committee consists of 10 members. = Ten members constitute the committee. ◆sheet n. 被单
◆effective adj. 有明显效果的，有作用的 The costume is quite effective. His words was effective.
influential: 有潜移默化影响力的
What our parents do is influential to children.
efficacious: （医药）有效的，灵验的 The drug is efficacious. fruitful: 有成效的
Their experiment is fruitful. ◆comfortable adj. 舒适的 反义词：uncomfortable comfort n. 舒适 adj. 安慰 discomfort n. 不舒适
In spite of discomforts he is determined to stay here.
◆streroom n. 储藏室 ◆electricity n. 电 ◆metre n. 电表 ◆pace n.一步
◆flee (fled, fled ) v. 逃走
flee:(vt.)(vi.)(总称)泛泛强调逃离危险的境地 Eg: The people fled in panic when the bull got loose.
escape:逃出监狱，逃出牢笼 vt. 逃掉，逃出
Eg: He was able to escape from the house. I am sorry your name escaped me. 很抱歉， 我忘记你的名字了。
They tried to escape death. ◆slam v. 砰地关上 slam the door.
同义词：bang 三、【课文精析】
too…to…太… 而不能
不定式to,在大部分情况下，表示否定概念。 not / never too … to …：并不太… 所以能够 One is never too old to learn.活到老，学到老 The question is not too difficult for me to answer.
如果在副词 too 前发现修饰语 all, but only, 不定式to 的概念也是肯定的
Eg: They are all too satisfied to work with you. 他们都非常满意很想和你一起工作
I am only too glad to have someone to speak to.我太高兴了，很想找个人说话
He was but too eager to get home.他太急于要回家了。
intended to = mean to :有什么打算，意图 dress up as: 化妆成为
the night before:前一个晚上（以过去的某一个时间为基准点）
last night:昨天晚上（以现在为基准点）
The night before she got everythinbg ready. She was impatient (eager, anxious ) to try it on.
be impatient to do sth: 急于要做某事，迫不及待
= eager, anxious, hungry, thirsty, despereat, can?t wait (口)
更焦急的情况用desperate( be desperate to do sth),口语中用can't wait.(can't wait to do sth) try on: 试穿
After putting it on: 穿上以后 动词不定式to wear, 用来修饰说明comfortable, 作它的状语
The book is difficult to read. The dress is easy to wash.
Your handwriting is easy to recognize. it would be comfortable (for her ) to wear. It is easy for me to read 主动形式————表达被动概念 The music is sweet to hear. The machine needs repairing
“需要……” 被动概念，用need,want和动名词形式直接搭配
Eg: The dictionary is worth buying. The book is worth reading.
The house is under construction The puma is under control.
The problem is under discussion. The thief is under arrest. 介词under可以表达被动的意味
Eg: The airport came into use again. came into use:不及物动词短语
Our time has already gone to waste. （浪费掉，付诸东流）
She is a respectable person. (被尊敬的人) -able 形容词后缀，跟在动词后表达“能够被…的“
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This is a returmable bottle.
“由…所组成”：consist of, comprise 本身表达被动概念，结构形式为主动。
there was a knock on the front door: 人有敲门
come in:进来
straight:直接地，径直地
if ever---ever用语条件句，表示任何时候，任何场合==when ever
Eg: If ever you see George give him my best regards.
When ever he is in trouble I'll be on the spot
Not wanting----分词的否定结构形式，做原因状语。多用于句首，也可插入句中，主谓之间。 Eg: Not wanting to make her nervous, the doctor didn?t fully explain the seriousness of her condition.
= The doctor, not wanting to make her nervous, didn?t fully explain the seriousness of her condition.
read the metre: 查电表 saying---现在分词做伴随状语
let out a cry 大叫了一声===utter / give a cry.
let out 发出==give
shout 高呼，高喊，有目的的 shout to sb 对某人高声喊 shout at sb 对某人大喊大叫
Lesson 14 A noble gangster ★gangster n. 歹徒，强盗
a band of gangsters 一伙强盗 robber 抢劫犯，抢劫者； bandit 强盗,土匪
brigand (书面用语) 强盗，土匪，盗贼，草寇 hooligan 流氓，不良分子 hoodlum (口语)罪犯，恶汉 rascal (口语)淘气，捣蛋鬼
★Chicago n. 芝加哥 （美国城市） ★protection n. 保护
protection money 保护费 protect v. protect from
We must protect our eyes from the sunshine.
protective adj. 保护的 protector n.保护者 protege n. 被保护者 ★promptly adv. 准时地
I give him a ring and he call me back promptly.
He was so sleepy that he went to sleep promptly.
on time准时/ in time及时 punctually adv. 守时地 ★destroy v. 毁掉；消灭
destroy 强调毁灭，消灭，完全的摧毁
Eg: The earthquake destroyed the city. / You destroyed his dream.
