半层墙重(墙和门窗)
女儿墙重:(54+17.7) ×2×0.24×0.6×19=392.34KN 粉刷加装饰:(54+0.24+17.7+0.24) ×2×0.6×0.42=36.38KN 屋面恒载:(54+0.24) ×(17.7+0.24) ×5.79=5634.05KN 50%雪载: (54+0.24) ×(17.7+0.24) ×0.5×0.5=243.27KN 纵横梁自重:(3.3-0.45) ×0.3×(0.5-0.12) ×10×25=81.23KN (7.2-0.45) ×0.3×(0.6-0.12) ×25×23=558.9KN (5.4-0.45) ×0.3×(0.5-0.12) ×25×24=338.58KN (7.2-0.45) ×0.3×(0.5-0.12) ×25×12=230.85KN
纵横梁的粉刷以及装饰:(3.3-0.45) ×2×(0.5-0.12) ×0.02×10×17=7.36KN (7.2-0.45) ×2×(0.6-0.12) ×0.02×17×23=50.67KN (5.4-0.45) ×2×(0.5-0.12) ×0.02×17×24=30.70KN (7.2-0.45) ×2×(0.5-0.12) ×0.02×17×12=20.93KN
(3.3-0.45) ×0.5×2+(7.2-0.45) ×0.6×4+ (5.4-0.45) ×0.5×12 +(7.2-0.45)
×0.5×6=69KN
减去门洞的自重加上门窗的重量:
-3.6×1.45×(5.4-0.45)×12-2.4×1.45×(5.4-0.45)×9-1.8×1.45(5.4-0.45)
×3=-503.86KN
半层柱重:0.45×0.45×3.9/2×25×46=454.11KN
柱的装饰和粉刷:((0.45-0.24+0.45)×23×3.9/2+(0.45×2+0.45-0.24)×4×3.9/2) ×0.5=19.13KN ((0.45-0.24) ×89+0.45×38) ×3.9/2×0.02×17=23.73KN 半层墙重: (3.9/2-0.6)×0.24×(7.2-0.45)×19×16=664.85KN
(3.9/2-0.5)×0.24×(5.4-0.45)×19×24=785.51KN (3.9/2-0.5)×0.24×(7.2-0.45)×19×12=535.57KN
顶层重力荷载代表值:
GE=392.34+36.38+5634.05+243.27+81.23+558.9+338.58+230.85+7.36+50.67+30.70+20.93+69-503.86+454.11+19.13+23.73+664.85+785.51+535.57=9673.3 KN
二到五层的楼盖的重力荷载的代表值为:楼盖层=楼面恒载+50%楼面活载+纵横梁自重+楼面上下各半层柱+楼面上下各半层墙重
楼面恒载:(54+0.24) ×(17.7+0.24) ×4.34=4223.10KN 50%楼面活载:54×17.7×0.2×0.5=95.58KN
纵横梁自重:(3.3-0.45) ×0.3×(0.5-0.12) ×10×25=81.23KN (7.2-0.45) ×0.3×(0.6-0.12) ×25×23=558.9KN (5.4-0.45) ×0.3×(0.5-0.12) ×25×24=338.58KN
(7.2-0.45) ×0.3×(0.5-0.12) ×25×12=230.85KN
纵横梁的粉刷以及装饰:(3.3-0.45) ×2×(0.5-0.12) ×0.02×10×17=7.36KN (7.2-0.45) ×2×(0.6-0.12) ×0.02×17×23=50.67KN (5.4-0.45) ×2×(0.5-0.12) ×0.02×17×24=30.70KN (7.2-0.45) ×2×(0.5-0.12) ×0.02×17×12=20.93KN
(3.3-0.45) ×0.5×2+(7.2-0.45) ×0.6×4+ (5.4-0.45) ×0.5×12 +(7.2-0.45)
×0.5×6=69KN
减去门洞的自重加上门窗的重量:
-3.6×2.4×(5.4-0.45)×12-2.4×2.4×(5.4-0.45)×9-1.8×2.4(5.4-0.45)×3-1.8×1.8×
(5.4-0.45) ×1=-850.01KN
楼面上下各半层柱:0.45×0.45×3.9×25×46=908.21KN
柱的装饰和粉刷:((0.45-0.24+0.45)×23×3.9+(0.45×2+0.45-0.24)×4×3.9) ×0.5=38.26KN ((0.45-0.24) ×89+0.45×38) ×3.9×0.02×17=47.46KN 楼面上下各半层墙重:(3.9-0.6)×0.24×(7.2-0.45)×19×16=1625.18KN
(3.9-0.5)×0.24×(5.4-0.45)×19×24=1841.88KN (3.9-0.5)×0.24×(7.2-0.45)×19×12=1255.82KN
楼面上下各半层墙的粉刷以及装饰:
(3.9-0.6)×0.02×(7.2-0.45)×17×28=212.06KN (3.9-0.6)×(7.2-0.45)×0.5×4=44.55KN
(3.9-0.5)×0.02×(5.4-0.45)×19×36=230.23KN (3.9-0.5)×(5.4-0.45)×0.5×12=100.98KN (3.9-0.5)×0.02×(7.2-0.45)×17×18=140.45KN (3.9-0.5)×(7.2-0.45)×0.5×6=68.85KN
中间层重力荷载代表值:
GE=4223.10+95.58+81.23+558.9+338.58+230.85+7.36+50.67+30.70+20.93+69-850.01+908.21+38.26+47.46+1625.18+1841.88+1255.82+212.06+44.55+230.23+100.98+140.45+68.85=11370.82 KN
一层的楼盖的重力荷载的代表值为:楼盖层=楼面恒载+50%楼面活载+纵横梁自重+楼面上下各半层柱+楼面上下各半层墙重
楼面恒载:(54+0.24) ×(17.7+0.24) ×4.34=4223.10KN 50%楼面活载:54×17.7×0.2×0.5=95.58KN
纵横梁自重:(3.3-0.45) ×0.3×(0.5-0.12) ×10×25=81.23KN (7.2-0.45) ×0.3×(0.6-0.12) ×25×23=558.9KN (5.4-0.45) ×0.3×(0.5-0.12) ×25×24=338.58KN (7.2-0.45) ×0.3×(0.5-0.12) ×25×12=230.85KN
纵横梁的粉刷以及装饰:(3.3-0.45) ×2×(0.5-0.12) ×0.02×10×17=7.36KN (7.2-0.45) ×2×(0.6-0.12) ×0.02×17×23=50.67KN (5.4-0.45) ×2×(0.5-0.12) ×0.02×17×24=30.70KN (7.2-0.45) ×2×(0.5-0.12) ×0.02×17×12=20.93KN
(3.3-0.45) ×0.5×2+(7.2-0.45) ×0.6×4+ (5.4-0.45) ×0.5×12 +(7.2-0.45)
×0.5×6=69KN
减去门洞的自重加上门窗的重量:-3.6×2.4×(5.4-0.45)×12-2.4×2.4×(5.4-0.45)×9-1.8×2.4
(5.4-0.45)×3-1.8×1.8×(5.4-0.45) ×1=-850.01KN
楼面上下各半层柱:0.45×0.45×(3.9/2+4.9/2)×25×46=1024.65KN
柱的装饰和粉刷:((0.45-0.24+0.45)×23×4.4+(0.45×2+0.45-0.24)×4×4.4) ×0.5=43.16KN ((0.45-0.24) ×89+0.45×38) ×4.4×0.02×17=53.54KN
楼面上下各半层墙重:((3.9/2+4.9/2)-0.6)×0.24×(7.2-0.45)×19×16=1871.42KN
((3.9/2+4.9/2)-0.5)×0.24×(5.4-0.45)×19×24=2112.74KN ((3.9/2+4.9/2)-0.5)×0.24×(7.2-0.45)×19×12=1440.50KN
楼面上下各半层墙的粉刷以及装饰:
((3.9/2+4.9/2)-0.6)×0.02×(7.2-0.45)×17×28=244.19KN ((3.9/2+4.9/2)-0.6)×(7.2-0.45)×0.5×4=51.3KN
((3.9/2+4.9/2)-0.5)×0.02×(5.4-0.45)×19×36=264.10KN ((3.9/2+4.9/2)-0.5)×(5.4-0.45)×0.5×12=115.83KN
((3.9/2+4.9/2)-0.5)×0.02×(7.2-0.45)×17×18=161.11KN ((3.9/2+4.9/2)-0.5)×(7.2-0.45)×0.5×6=78.98KN
底层重力荷载代表值:
GE=4223.10+95.58+81.23+558.9+338.58+230.85+7.36+50.67+30.70+20.93+69-850.01+1024.65+43.16+53.54+1871.42+2112.74+1440.50+244.19+51.3+264.10+115.83+161.11+78.98=12318.41 KN
重力荷载代表值计算简图如图所示
图4.5 重力荷载代表值计算简图
3.6 自振周期的计算
根据土的类型和建筑场地的覆盖层厚度可判定建筑场地类别为Ⅱ类场地,抗震设防烈度为7度,设计基本地震加速度为0.10g,,设计地震分组为第一组,抗震等级三级。则其特征周期为Tg=0.35s。
采用顶点位移法,顶点的位移计算如下表所示,其中?=0.546m,运用顶点位移法即:
T?1.7???1.7?0.7?0.546?0.894(s)
表4.6 楼层位移的计算 楼层 重力荷载代表值 (KN) 9673.3 11370.82 11370.82 11370.82 11370.82 12318.41 67474.99 楼层剪力 (KN) 9673.3 21044.12 32414.94 43785.76 55156.58 67474.99 楼层侧移刚度?10 (KN/m) 48.914 48.914 48.914 48.914 48.914 31.44 4层间位移 (m) 0.0198 0.0430 0.0663 0.0895 0.1128 0.2146 楼层位移 (m) 0.5460 0.5262 0.4832 0.4169 0.3274 0.2146 6 5 4 3 2 1 ?
3.7 水平地震作用计算以及弹性侧移验算
根据土的类型和建筑场地的覆盖层厚度可判定建筑场地类别为Ⅱ类场地,威海市的抗震设防烈度为7度,设计基本地震加速度为0.10g,,设计地震分组为第一组,抗震等级三级。则其特征周期为Tg=0.35s该地区的设防烈度为7度,查表可知,水平地震影响系数最大值?max = 0.08。由于Tg<T1 < 5Tg ,所以地震影响系数α1=(0.35/0.894)0.9×α
max
,令
该建筑结构的阻尼比ξ= 0.05,γ = 0.9,其中阻尼调整系数为1.0。α1=(0.35/0.894)
0.9
×0.08 =0.034。该结构的总重力荷载代表值为GE =12318.41+11370.82×4+9673.3
=67474.99KN
由底部剪力法计算公式可知,底部总剪力为 FEK =α1×GEq =α1×0.85×GE = 0.034×0.85×67474.99=1950.03KN。因为T1 = 0.894 s>1.4×Tg = 1.4×0.35 = 0.49 s, 顶部附加地震作用系数δn=0.08 T1+0.07=0.142所以考虑结构顶层附加作用,每榀框架所承受的地震力可按下式计算至各层节点处:
Fi =
GiHi6× FEK(1-δn)
k?GHkk?1? F n =δn×FEK1=0.142×1950.03=276.9KN 计算过程如下:
H1 =4.9m, G1 =12318.41 KN
H2 = 4.9+ 3.9 = 8.8 m, G2 =11370.82 KN H3 = 8.8 + 3.9 = 12.7 m, G3 = 11370.82 KN H4 =12.7 + 3.9 = 16.6 m, G4 = 11370.82KN H5 = 16.6+ 3.9 = 20.5 m, G5 = 11370.82 KN H6 = 20.5+ 3.9 = 24.4 m, G6 = 9673.3 KN G1×H1 = 12318.41×4.9 =60360.21KN·m G2×H2 = 11370.82×8.8= 100063.22KN·m G3×H3 =11370.82×12.7=144409.41KN·m G4×H4 = 11370.82×16.6= 188755.61KN·m G5×H5 =11370.82×20.5 = 233101.81KN·m G6×H6 = 9673.3×24.4 = 236028.52KN·m
∑Gj×Hj=60360.21+100063.22+144409.41+188755.61+233101.81+236028.52
=962718.78KN·m (j = 1、2、3、4、5、6)
因为FEK1 =249.36KN,所以作用在各层节点处的地震剪力如下:
Fi =
GiHi6× FEK(1-δn)
k?GHkk?1

