致 谢
本论文是在王崇林教授的悉心指导下完成的，在论文进行的整个过程当中，包括选题、研究方法以及最后定稿都凝聚着导师的心血。同时，导师在生活和工作上都给予了极大的关怀和帮助，在此向他表示衷心的感谢和崇高的敬意。老师优秀的做人品质，严谨的治学态度，开拓创新的精神，高屋建瓴把握全局的能力，忘我的工作精神给学生树立起潜移默化的典范作用，这也是导师传授给学生最宝贵的财富。
感谢实验室*************************等几位老师在学习和生活上对我的帮助，使我受益良多。
论文的写作过程中，******************等同学给我提出了很多有益的见解，在此一并表示感谢。同窗数载，深情留驻。这份珍贵的情谊，值得我一生珍藏。
在攻读硕士期间，我的父母和妹妹给予我很多支持和鼓励，温暖的亲情给予了我源源不断的动力，让我在人生道路上不断前行，谨以此文献给他们！
感谢各位专家和老师们在百忙之中评阅本文。
摘 要
随着我国经济的持续较快发展，在对电力需求与日俱增的同时，对电力系统的电能质量和安全运行水平的要求也越来越严格。多年以来，电力系统工作者已经达成共识:要提高电网的安全运行、经济运行和电能质量，除了电网本身结构要合理以外，还要求具备先进的调节控制手段。而在系统当中安装无功功率补偿设备可提高供用电系统和负载的功率因数，降低设备的容量，进而降低功率损耗，提高供电质量;在长距离输电过程中适当的地点安装无功补偿设备可用来改善输电系统的稳定性及提高输电能力。所以，应用无功补偿装置是改善电网质量运行的一个重要的措施，也是当今电力系统发展领域所要面临的一个重大课题，而且受到越来越多的关注。
磁阀式可控电抗器作为一种新型无功补偿装置具有极大的发展空间和应用前景。它是一种带铁心的非线性电路，利用直流激磁来控制铁心的饱和度，进而改变交流绕组感抗值。在电力系统领域，MCR可用于无功补偿装置，用来限制操作过电压、减小线路上的损耗，改善电力系统的输电质量、提高电网的稳定性和可靠性。
本文详细阐述了磁阀式可控电抗器的主电路结构和工作原理，分析了电抗器各工作状态之间的转换条件及判断；并分析了磁阀式可控电抗器的等效电路、谐波特性、伏安特性、控制特性、响应速度、有功损耗等工作特性。对瞬时无功功率理论进行了简明扼要的阐述，在此基础上分析了基于瞬时无功理论的两种无功检测方法。
对磁阀式可控电抗器的谐波抑制及快速励磁进行了探讨。分析了移相电抗器的工作原理，通过理论分析得出安装移相电抗器以后，谐波在很大程度上得到了有效控制，电流畸变率也有明显的降低。并基于PSCAD/EMTDC软件进行了相应的验证，说明采用移相电抗器对抑制谐波效果明显。
最后本文针对岱庄煤矿无功补偿的现状，分析了对其现行的无功补偿方式进行提升和改造的必要性。结果表明磁阀式可控电抗器装置运行可靠、维护方便,对稳定系统电压和平衡无功发挥了重要作用。
关键词：磁阀式可控电抗器；ip-iq检测法；移相电抗器；谐波抑制
Abstract
I
With the sustained and rapid development of China's economy, increasing demand for electricity in the same time, the power system operation power level of quality and safety requirements are more stringent. Over the years, workers have reached a consensus power system: To improve the safe operation of power, economic operation and power quality, in addition to reasonable network structure itself, it also requires the regulation of advanced control methods. When the safety device in the system reactive power compensation equipment for the electricity system and can increase the load power factor, reduce equipment capacity, thereby power loss and improve the quality of power supply; long-distance power transmission in the right place during the installation of reactive power compensation equipment used to improve the stability of the transmission system and improve transmission capacity.Therefore, the application of reactive compensation devices is to improve the quality of operation of power grid is an important measure for the field of development of today's power system to be a major issue facing, but also by more and more attention.
MCR as a new reactive power compensation equipment space and great development prospects. It is a nonlinear circuit with a core, the use of DC excitation to control the saturation of iron core, thereby changing the exchange of winding inductance value. In the field of power systems, MCR can be used for reactive power compensation device to limit the operating voltage, reduce the loss on the line to improve the quality of electric power transmission system, and improve grid stability and reliability.
This paper describes the MCR of the main circuit structure and operating principle, analyzes the state of the reactor conversion between the working conditions and judgments; and analysis of the magnetic valve controllable reactor equivalent circuit, harmonics, voltage characteristic , control characteristics, response speed, power loss etc. features. On the instantaneous reactive power theory was brief exposition on the basis of instantaneous reactive power theory based on the two reactive detection methods. Through analysis we can see,ip-iq method is asymmetric in reactive detection and voltage can be reliable when the work benefits.
Harmonic suppression of the MCR and fast excitation is discussed. Analysis of phase reactor works, through the theoretical analysis phase reactor installed after the harmonics have been effectively controlled in large part, the current distortion rate is
III
significantly reduced. And based on PSCAD / EMTDC software corresponding validation, indicating phase reactor used for harmonic suppression effect is obvious.
Finally, for reactive power compensation Dai Mine, analyzed the compensation of its current reactive approach to the need for upgrading and improvement. The results show that the MCR installation and reliable operation, easy maintenance, to stabilize the system voltage and reactive power balance play an important role.
Keywords: MCR；ip-iq Detection Method；Phase reactor；Harmonic suppression
目 录
摘要 ................................................................................................................................................. I 目录 .............................................................................................................................................. IV 图清单 ....................................................................................................................................... VIII 表清单 ........................................................................................................................................... Ⅻ 1 绪论 ............................................................................................................................................. 1 1. 1课题研究背景及意义 .......................................................................................................... 1 1. 2课题的国内外研究概况 ..................................................................................................... 2 1. 3常用的几种无功补偿装置 ................................................................................................ 3 1. 4本文的研究内容及主要工作 ............................................................................................ 6 2 磁阀式可控电抗器工作原理及数学模型 ........................................................................ 7 2. 1磁阀式可控电抗器的工作原理 ....................................................................................... 7 2.2铁磁材料及磁化特性 .......................................................................................................... 8 2.3磁阀式可控电抗器数学模型 .......................................................................................... 10 2.4 MCR工作特性分析 ............................................................................................................ 16 2.5本章小结 .............................................................................................................................. 22 3 磁阀式可控电抗器补偿电流的检测方法研究 ............................................................. 23 3.1参考电流检测法的确定 ................................................................................................... 23 3.2本章小结 .............................................................................................................................. 28 4 磁阀式可控电抗器的谐波抑制及快速励磁探讨 ......................................................... 29 4.1谐波抑制研究 ..................................................................................................................... 29 4.2基于移相电抗器谐波抑制 .............................................................................................. 35 4.3提高响应速度 ..................................................................................................................... 38 4.4本章小结 .............................................................................................................................. 42 5 磁阀式可控电抗器补偿装置的应用 ............................................................................... 43 5. 1岱庄煤矿无功补偿分析 ................................................................................................... 43 5. 2实验数据 .............................................................................................................................. 46 5. 3本章小结 .............................................................................................................................. 48 6 结论和展望 ............................................................................................................................. 50
IV
