牛津初中英语8A unit1—unit6 知识点归纳
⑵位于，e.g. Jiangsu lies in the east of China.
4. See those big clouds of different colours with questions on them? You get a point every time you answer a question correctly. →every time＋陈述句，每当…，引导时间状语从句。
〈知识链接〉get a point得一分，answer a question correctly答对一题 5. When you have got enough points, a cloud will come down and carry you off to a place you have never visited before. →you have never visited before是省略关系代词that/which的定语从句。
〈知识链接〉have got enough points获得足够的点数，carry you off to…把你带到…
6. Are you ready? Let’s go！准备好了吗？出发！
7. For example, when you reach London, you will learn about the Museum of London and many other interesting places. → ①learn about…了解… ②many other＋名词复数，其他许多… (p43)
8. Every time you pass a level, you will see a map of the world. →pass a level过一关
〈知识链接〉⑴Every time＋陈述句，每当… ⑵a map of the world世界地图→ a map of China
9. The places you have visited are marked in bright purple. 你到过的地方都标上了明亮的紫色。
10. Get it now before it is sold out. →sell out售完，be sold out被售完，sell well好卖(不用被动)
〈知识链接〉—Have you got a size M? —Sorry, they are all sold out. They sell well. 11. I’ve bought many educational CD-ROMs before, but I’ve found none of them to be any good. P45
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牛津初中英语8A unit1—unit6 知识点归纳
〈知识链接〉find none of them to be any good没发现一个好的
12. —How can your teacher read your homework on the computer? —I can send him e-mails or print it out. → read your homework批阅作业，send sb e-mails给某人发电子邮件 (p46)
〈知识链接〉on the computer在电脑上，on the screen，on TV，on the Internet(在因特网上)
13. —Do you have a new printer, too? —Yes, and it prints very quickly. →该句的print不用被动。
14. My new computer is much faster than the old one. I can type very easily, and the keyboard is very comfortable.
15. We’ve got many kinds of personal computers. This green one is called Kiwi, and it is designed especially for students. →personal computer个人电脑，简写作PC。 (p48)
〈知识链接〉⑴Kiwi ①(informal)＝a person from New Zealand新西兰人②几维鸟，新西兰鸟，喙长、翼短、无尾、不能飞③kiwi fruit猕猴桃；奇异果 ⑵be designed especially for students特别为学生而设计
16. —Is it used widely? —Of course, very widely in Beijing. → be widely used被广泛使用
〈知识链接〉English is widely used as the second language in many countries. (be widely as…被广泛用作)
17. When a total of ten questions are answered incorrectly, the princess will become bald. (p51)
〈知识链接〉⑴total n.总数，总和e.g. ①You got 47 points on the written exam and 18 on the oral, making a total of 65.你笔试得了47分，口试得了18分，总分65分。②Out of a total of 15 games, they only won 2.在总共15场比赛中，他们只胜了2场。⑵become bald秃顶→become＋形容词
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牛津初中英语8A unit1—unit6 知识点归纳
18. The questions get more difficult as you go to higher levels.当你到更高的级别，问题就更难了。
〈知识链接〉as连词，当…时，随着…。e.g. The air will get fresher as you reach the top of the mountain.
19. She will help you when necessary.必要时她会帮助你。→if necessary如果有必要 (p52)
20. Many topics are covered in the course, including travel and hotels, food and drink, and shopping and money. 这一课程涉及许多主题，包括旅游、饭店、购物和钱币。 (p53)
〈知识链接〉⑴cover＝include包括；涉及 ⑵including介词，包括…在内，e.g. ①His talk covered/included the history between the two World Wars. ②The package includes/covers a book and two CD-ROMs. ③There were ten students left in the classroom, including Tom.
21. Can you show me how to start this online tour of Australia, please? 你能告诉我如何开启这个澳大利亚的在线之旅吗？→ how to start…是“疑问词＋动词不定式”。
22. Do you mind telling me how to use this function?你介不介意告诉如何使用这个功能？
〈知识链接〉mind介意，表示请求允许或客气地请人做事。注意以下两种表达的不同：
⑴Do/Would you mind my/me doing sth?或Do/Would you mind if I do sth?你介意我做某事吗？
表示请求对方的允许，答语为Of course not. Certainly not.或You’d better not. Better not.
⑵Do/Would you mind doing sth?你介意做某事吗？表示客气地请人做事。 ①Do you mind my opening the window?＝Do you mind if I open the window?我开
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牛津初中英语8A unit1—unit6 知识点归纳
窗户好吗？
②Would you mind explaining that again, please?请你再解释一遍行吗？ 请做题 —Would you mind ? I’m feeling too tired. —Of course not. Let me do it. A. to drive B. my drive C. driving D. my driving 23. Just double-click on the “Pencil” icon. …A worksheet has just appeared on the screen.
〈知识链接〉⑴appear是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态。appear出现→disappear消失
⑵sheet n.①床单e.g. change the sheet换床单 ②一张(通常指标准尺寸的纸) e.g. 500 sheets
24. In which countries is the game sold? 这个游戏在哪些国家销售？ (p55) 〈知识链接〉In which countries不能去掉介词in，e.g. Which city did you go to last summer?
25. The goal of the game is to travel around the world to learn the history of each place and use this knowledge to open the treasure box. →当主语是goal等时，用动词不定式be to do作表语。 三.【语法详解】被动语态
㈠英语中的语态－主动语态和被动语态
⒈英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如：①They built a new bridge over the river. (主动) →A new bridge was built over the river by them. (被动) ②Many people speak English. (主动) →English is spoken by many people. (被动)
⒉汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词构成”，即“be＋p.p.”，其中助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化。
㈡被动语态的基本用法
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牛津初中英语8A unit1—unit6 知识点归纳
⒈当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由助动词be＋过去分词构成，时态通过动词be表现出来。 ⒉什么时候使用被动语态
⑴不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
①Some windows were broken last night. ②This book was published (出版) in 2005. 注意：第②句＝This book came out in 2005. come out 是不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态。
⑵只强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。
①Educational CD-ROMs are sold in many countries. ②Rice was first grown in China.
③English is learned all over the world.
注意：不及物动词或不及物动词短语无被动语态，如：appear, happen, take place等。
㈢被动语态的基本结构
⒈动作的承受者＋be＋过去分词＋其他＋by＋动作的执行者。 简写为“承受者＋be＋过去分词＋其他＋by＋动作的执行者”。 ⒉主动语态变为被动语态的步骤：
确定主动语态的时态，它决定着被动语态中的助动词be。→ 找出主动语态的主、谓、宾。
→ 按照上述句式改写：承受者 +be+过去分词+其他＋by＋执行者 ⒊常用的被动语态结构 时态 结构 时态 结构 20
