November[?????????] n.十一月：Her birthday is in November. 她的生日在11月。 now[???] adv.& n.现在：He is busy now. 他现在很忙。
【短语】now and again 时而 / now that 既然，由于 / by now 到现在 / now and then 时而，有时，偶尔
nowadays[?????????] adv.当今，现在：Nowadays people travel by plane. 如今人们乘飞机旅行。
【注意】是副词，不是名词，所以不说 in nowadays之类的。
nowhere[???????] adv.任何地方都不，无处：He is nowhere to be seen. 任何地方都见不着他。
【用法】若用于句首，其后用倒装语序：Nowhere could I see him. 哪儿也见不到他。 number[??????] n. [C,U]数；数字；数量；号码：I’ve forgotten her telephone number. 我忘了她的电话号码了。
【比较】a number of与the number of：前者意为“许多”，后者意为“?的数量”；用作主语时，前者与复数谓语连用，后者与单数谓语连用：A large number of boxes were broken. 很多盒子被摔破了。/ The number of girls in this school is small. 这所学校女生人数很少。
nurse[????] n.[C]护士：She is a trained nurse. 她是一个受过训练的护士。 nut[???] n.[C]坚果，硬壳果：Squirrels feed on nuts. 松鼠以坚果为食。
O
- 10 -
obey[?????] v.服从，遵守；听话：It’s our duty to obey the laws. 遵守法律是我们的义务。/ The child obeyed and went to bed. 孩子听话睡觉去了。
object[????????] n.[C]物体，东西；目标；宾语v.反对：Verbs that do not take an object are intransitive verbs. 不带宾语的动词叫不及物动词。
【用法】1.其后可接宾语从句，但通常不接名词或代词作宾语，遇此情况应在其后加介词 to：That’s why I object to the plan. 这就是我反对这个计划的原因。/ He objected to being treated like a child. 他反对被当作小孩子看待。2.后接that宾语从句时，它表示的不是object(反对)的内容，而是其理由：I wanted to climb the hill, but he objected that he was too tired. 我要去爬山，但是他却以太累为由表示反对。
occur[?????] vi.出现；存在；发生；想到：The accident occurred at five o’clock. 事故发生在五点钟。/ A good idea occurred to me. 我想起了个好主意。 【注意】是不及物动词，不用于被动语态。
ocean[??????] n.[C]海洋：the Pacific Ocean 太平洋 / in the ocean 在海洋 o’clock[??????] adv.?点钟：It’s just two o’clock. 现在刚好两点。
October[????????] n.十月：This paragraph relates to the October Revolution. 这个段落讲的是十月革命。
of[??????] prep.?的；?之中的；?之量的；由?组成；从?来的；关于；因为： Loss of health is worse than loss of wealth. 失去健康比失去财富更糟。/ What he says is of great importance. 他讲的话很重要。/ He told us of his travels. 他给我们讲了他的旅行见闻。/ It is very kind of you to say so. 你这样说真是太好了。
off[??] prep.离开，隔开；从?脱落，从?掉下；缺席，休假；打折，减价adv.离开，(电，自来水等)停了，中断：Keep off the grass. 勿踏草地。/ Can you take something off the price, please? 能不能打一点折? / Turn the light off. 把灯关掉。
offer[????] v.& n.提供；提出；出价：Thank you for your offer of help. 感谢你提供的帮助。/ Offer the guests some coffee.=Offer some coffee to the guests. 给客人们来点咖啡。/ He offered to lend me some money. 他表示可借给我一些钱。
office[?????] n.[C]办公室：I don’t go to the office on Sunday. 我星期天不去办公室。 【短语】in office 执政 / out of office 不执政 / take office 就职，上任
officer[??????] n.[C]军官，官员：Please give me a hand, officer. 警官，请帮帮我。 official[???????] n.[C]官员，高级职员adj.官方的，正式的：Is the news official? 这是官方消息吗? / Those are official figures. 那些是官方数字。
often[???????] adv.经常，常常：Do you often have cold? 你常常感冒吗? oh[??] interj.哦，噢：Oh, sir! You forgot your keys. 噢，先生！您忘了拿钥匙。 oil[???] n.[U]油 v.加油：You can’t mix oil with water. 你不能让油和水混合。/ We need some cooking oil. 我们需要些烹调用油。
okay/O.K.[???????] interj.对，好，可以 adj.行，可以，好的 vt.同意，批准：The play is OK. 这出戏还可以。/ The car goes okay now. 这汽车现在行驶情况良好。/ OK, you can go. 好，你去吧。/ I got his OK. 我得到了他的同意。
old[????] adj.旧的，年老的，古老的：How old are you? 你多大年纪了?
【用法】the old 可用作名词，表示“老人”，表复数意义：The old have more experience than the young. 老年人比年轻人更有经验。
on[??] prep.在?上；接近，靠近；朝，向；乘，坐；有关，关于；在?方面；通过，凭借；为了；拥有，带着；由于，因为adv. 穿上，穿着；继续着；开着，处于工作状态中：She
- 11 -
began to cry on hearing the news. 她听到那个消息就哭了。/ He wrote a book on Africa animals. 他写了一本关于非洲动物的书。/ Don’t waste your time on that. 不要把你的时间花在那上面。/ I’ve got no money on me. 我没有带钱。/ I congratulate you on your success. 我祝贺您的成功。
once[????] adv.一次，一度，从前 conj.一旦?(就?)：He once [Once he] lived in the country. 他一度住在乡下。/ Once you begin you must continue. 你一旦开始，便不可停下来。
【短语】at once 立刻，马上 / once upon a time 从前；很早以前 / once in a while 偶尔，间或 / all at once 突然 / once again [more] 再一次
one[???] pron.一(个，只)；某个人；某物；任何人 num.& adj.一：The chair has lost one of its legs. 椅子掉了一条腿。/ One should do one’s duty. 人人应该尽责。 【短语】one by one 一个接一个地，一次一个地
