university language student questions school countries disappointed American
Skill 2：Dealing with falling tone 1. 英语中的降调一般用于： (5种) a. 特殊疑问句：
What have all the flowers gone? ↘ What the hell did he do? ↘ b. 感叹句： What a game! ↘
What depressing information! ↘
c. 反义疑问句中，当说话人对自己所说的内容已经很确定，知识象征性地与对方确认一下时： We all live in a global village, aren?t we? ↘ A small world, isn?t it? ↘ d. 选择疑问句的最后一个选项，如：
Do you prefer hand-written letter ↗ or E-mail? ↘ Does she raise rats ↗ or rabbits? ↘
e. 并列出现的若干相同类目词语的最后一项，如：
I want a house with a dining room, ↗ two bedrooms, ↗a bath ↗and a basement. ↘ 2. 特殊疑问句降调训练要领：
特殊疑问句在通常情况下使用降调，但仅了解这一点是不够的。实际上，特殊疑问句的音调变化是有规律可循的，以下列句子为例： ? Where were you born?
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? Which countries have you been to? ? Which university did you graduate? ? Why are you learning English?
我们发现整个句子的语调如下曲线图：
起调时，特殊疑问句的音调较高，遇到助动词时弱读，并且将音调降下来，然后渐渐提高，一般在句子的最后一个单词重重地降下来。 Which university did you graduate? Why are you learning English? Skill 3：Dealing with pause
讲英语或读英语时，尤其是遇到长句时，适当的停顿很重要。停顿并非随心所欲读累了就停，而要根据意群（句子中构成相对独立完整的意思的语言单位）来停。
? 一般来说，段与段之间的停顿时间最长，其次是句与句之间的停顿，最后才是句子内部意群之
间的停顿，例如：主语与分句或从句之间的停顿。句子内部意群之间的停顿，在下列情况下尤其突出： (9种)
1．主句与从句（定语从句、宾语从句等）之间
a. These are the robots of our dreams, intelligent machines ? that live to serve. b. And, the FBI confronts the most heavily armed militia ? that US law enforcement has ever faced.
c. James Bond, the ultimate survivor knows very well ? that there are many ways to kill.
2. 条件状语、时间状语等分句与主句之间
a. All would be lost ? if not for the strength of one woman.
b. Welcome to paradise. When you arrive here ? you?ll find a million secrets and as you explore it, you?ll find a million more.
3. 当后置定语较长时，其与所修饰的核心词之间
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a. As we reveal the secret strategies ? of an FBI crisis negotiator, these stories are straight ahead on Best Kept Secrets.
b. But for their variety of appearance, all dogs are simply mutations ? of their closet ancestral relative, the wolf.
c. How does the FBI solve cases ? like the Oklahoma City Bombing? 4. 表时间、地点、距离、方式等的介词短语与句子其他成分之间
a. The four hundred-year-old Hapsburg dynasty still commands most of Europe ? to the envy of her neighbours.
b. Wolves had competed for prey ? with another group of hunters, complex communicators ? not unlike themselves.
c. Her crew is plotting a course ? to one of the most notorious points in the north Atlantic, the site of Titanic disaster.
5. 表目的、伴随动作、原因、或结果的分词短语与句子其他成分之间
a. Perhaps the wolves were drawn in by the smell of meat ? cooking cover a fire, and into
contract into their rivals.
b. Tucked high in the canyon hills are aristocratic retreats ? over-looking some of the most expensive real estate in the United States.
c. But for the Russian people ? born to this giant land, Europe is distant horizon beyond their
imagination.
6. 不定式短语与句子其他成分之间
a. What exactly happened on that terrible night ? to cause the death of one thousand of five
hundred and twenty-three men, women and children?
b. Science is taking us back in time ? to witness the sinking of the unsinkable Titanic.
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c. She is the first woman ? to inherit the Hasburg thrown, and few believe she can keep it.
7. 以and或or分隔的较长的句子成分之间
But you?re not in the jungle of Bali ? or even a hidden sanctuary somewhere in Thailand. b. He drags millions out of the Dark Ages ? and forges a new nation.
c. It defies definition ? and can only be described as unbelievable, capricious and dreamlike. 8. 同位语与句子其他成分之间 a.
The one exception: her devoted husband ? Francis, duke of Lorraine.
9. 插入语与句子其他成分之间
a. At times, dogs appears to move and react ? like wild animals, yet they are by definition, domesticated.
b. The instruments of death have pushed technology to the limits ? in what has become ? the Deadly Game.
Skill 4：Dealing with weak forms of auxiliary verbs 助动词弱读在句子中的应用：
学会助动词的弱读，是掌握连读技巧的第一步。任何一种语言，在口语表达时，句子中的单词有重读、弱读这样的变化，句子听上去才生动、自然。英语也不例外。 1.在英语中，哪些单词在句子中需要弱读呢？ 一般情况下，助动词会明显地弱读。
请看下面的例句，揣摩助动词在句中是如何被弱读的： – Do you come here a lot? – They weren?t expecting us. – They?re having another argument. – We haven?t been told anything yet.
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2. 助动词弱读时的发音变化：
助动词弱读时，其发音与单词音标中的发音会有一些不同，快读时，他们发音会变为： do you /d?ju?/ I?m /aim/ weren?t/w??nt/ were / w? / they?re /e??/ I?ll /aiI/ being /bi?/ have /h?v/ was /w?z/ they?ve /eei/ been /bin/ we?ll /wi?I/ we?re /wi?/ be /bi/ haven?t /h?vn/ Skill 5：Dealing with the weak form of “ of” 1.Of的弱读形式：
of 在词典中的音标及它的重读形式为：/ ?v /，而当它出现在句子中时，很少采取strong form, 而会采取其弱读形式，即/ ?v/。 2. of 与其他单词的连读
当of 前面单词的最后一个音为辅音时，该辅音与of的弱读形式的起首元音/?/构成连读，可以构成一个音节来发音；同样道理，当of后面单词的第一个音为元音时，该元音与of弱读形式结尾的辅音/ v /也构成连读。例如下面的短语：
a flight⌒of stairs a piece⌒of furniture an item⌒of news a pinch⌒of salt a carton⌒of milk a bar⌒of chocolate a bunch⌒of flowers a bundle⌒of sticks a suite⌒of room a cluster⌒of houses a touch⌒of bitterness Skill 6：Dealing with the weak forms of prepositions 1.处理好介词的弱读，会让您的英语听起来流利得多。 2.常用介词在重读和弱读时的不同发音： 单词 from 重读形式 /fr?m/ 弱读形式 /fr?m/ 15
