5) get back 回来;取回
get back由动词get+副词back构成,如果宾语是代词,要放在back前。例如: Please buy some bananas for me when you get back. 当你回来的时候,请给我买一些香蕉。 I never lend books; you never get them back. 我的书决不外借,因为总是有去无回。 6) get off 下来;下车
get off的反义词短语是get on。例如:
Don’t get off until the bus has stopped. 车停稳再下车。 7) get on well with sb. 与某人相处融洽
get on well with sb.的同义短语是get along well with sb. 例如: We get on well with the people there when we work in that village. 当我们在那个村庄工作的时候,我们与那里的人相处很融洽。
How are you getting on with your classmates? 你和你的同学相处得怎么样? 8) get married 结婚
这个短语是由动词get和过去分词married构成。例如: My sister got married last month. 我的姐姐上个月结婚了。 9) get ready for为??做准备
We are getting read for the coming exam. 我们正在为即将到来的考试做准备。 10) get / be tired of对??感到厌倦
The children will get tired of the book in 10 minutes. 十分钟后孩子们厌倦了这本书。
随时练:
Don’t ______ the bus until it stops at last, or it is very dangerous. A. get on B. get up C. get off D. get to 【答案与解析】
答案是C。句意:不要下车直到它停下来,否则非常危险。本题是考查短语动词get off表示下车的意思,所以选择C。
6. 动词give构成的短语动词: 1) give up 放弃
短语动词give up后要用名词或动名词形式作宾语。例如:
My father has already given up smoking. 我的父亲已经放弃吸烟了。 Don’t give up learning English although it is a little hard. 尽管英语有点难,但不要放弃学习英语。 2) give a concert 开音乐会
短语动词give a concert的意思是“开音乐会、举办音乐会”,和短语动词hold a concert是同义短语。例如:
We will give a concert in the hall tomorrow. 我们明天在大厅里举办音乐会。 3) give away 赠送、捐出
The teachers give away their money to the poor students. 老师们把钱捐给那些贫穷的学生。 4) give off 散发、发出
The sun gives off light and heat. 太阳发出光和热。
随时练:
As a student, you should _______ drinking wine too much quickly. A. give out B. give up C. give off D. give away 【答案与解析】
答案是B。句意:作为一名学生,你应该尽快放弃过多喝酒。give up doing something表示“放弃做某事”。
7. 动词go构成的短语动词: 1) go on 继续
表示继续做某事要go on doing something或go on with something,with后面接名词或代词。
go on to do something意思是“接着做另一件事”。例如: Go on reading English please. 请继续读英语。
After writing the new words, the teacher taught us a song. 写完生词后,我们老师教我们一首歌。 2) go home 回家
这个短语是由动词go和副词home构成,中间不用to。而表示上学的短语动词是go to school,去睡觉的短语动词是go to bed,名词前面用to。例如:
We often go home directly after school. 放学后我们经常直接回家。 4) go over 过一遍;仔细检查
短语动词go over和动词review是同义词。例如:
You must go over all your lesson before the exam. 考试前你一定要把所有的功课复习一遍。
5) go shopping 去买东西 go boating 去划船 go fishing去钓鱼 go hiking去徒步旅行 go skating去滑冰
这些短语动词都是由动词go和动词的-ing形式构成的,即go doing表示去做某事的意思,相当于短语动词do some +动词-ing。例如:
Would you like to go fishing with me after school? 放学后你愿意和我一起去钓鱼吗? 6) go straight along 沿着??一直往前走
短语动词go straight along是由动词go和副词straight+介词along构成,经常用来指路。 straight意思是“一直,直的”;along意思是“沿着”。例如: Go straight along this road, and you will see the hospital. 沿着这条路一直往前走,你就会看到医院。 7) go ahead先走;向前走;去吧;干吧
多用于口语中,表示去做你要做的事吧。例如: —May I open the window? 我可以打开窗户吗? —Go ahead. 打开吧。
8) go in for参加;从事于;酷爱
I don’t go in for loud popular music. 我不喜欢喧闹的流行音乐。 9) go on a diet实行节食
I’m going on a diet, so I would like some vegetables. 我在节食,所以我想要点蔬菜。 10) go on a picnic去野餐
We are going on a picnic if it’s fine tomorrow. 明天天气好的话,我们就去野餐。
随时练:
My father has left. Let’s ______ playing computer games. I won just now. A. go for B. go over C. go on D. go out 【答案与解析】 答案是C。句意是:我爸爸已经离开了,咱们继续玩电脑游戏吧。刚才我赢了。go on doing something表示“继续做某事”的意思。
8.动词look构成的短语动词: 1) look for 寻找
短语动词look for是由动词look+介词for构成,表示“寻找”的动作。如果要表示寻找的结果,要用find,意思是“找到”。例如:
—What are you looking for in my room? 你在我的房间里寻找什么?
—I can’t find my football. Have you seen it? 我找不到我的足球了。你看到了吗? 2) look out 留神; 注意
短语动词look out的意思是“当心、留神、注意”,由动词look和副词out构成,相当于短语动词becareful。另外短语动词look out的意思是“向外看”。例如: Look out! The car nearly hit you just now. 当心!刚才那辆车差点撞着你。 He looked out of the window and found a man in the garden. 他向窗外看,发现花园里有个人。
3) look over 仔细检查
The doctor looked over the baby and found nothing wrong with him. 医生给这个婴儿作了仔细检查但没有发现什么问题。 4) look up向上看;抬头看;查阅、查字典 We looked up and saw a beautiful bird in the tree. 我们抬起头在树上看到一只漂亮的小鸟。
He often looks up some information on the internet. 他经常在互联网上查一些信息。 5) look after照顾; 照看
和take good care of是同义短语。例如:
My mother is looking after the baby now. 我的妈妈在照看这个婴儿。 6) look at看;观看
此短语是由动词look和介词at构成,后面要接宾语,表示“看”这一动作,与短语动词have a lookat是同义短语。例如:
Please look at the blackboard and read after me. 请仔细看黑板并跟我读。 7) look like看起来像
此短语是由动词look和介词like构成,后面要接宾语,与短语动词be like是同义短语,但是look like更强调外表给人的感觉。例如:
The baby looks like her mother very much. 这个婴儿非常长得像他的妈妈。 8) look forward to 期待着
此短语中to是介词,后面要接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式。例如: Everybody in my class is looking forward to watching the football match. 我们班每个人都期待着观看那场比赛。
随时练:
2. You can ________ this new word in the dictionary if you want to know its meaning. A. look up B. look for C. look over D. look after 【答案与解析】
答案是A。本题是考查短语动词的用法,look up是“查字典”的意思。
9. 动词make构成的短语动词:
1) make one’s way to往??走去
此短语有克服了一定的困难而走的意思。例如:
Our teachers made their way through the students in the hall to the office. 我们的老师从大厅里的学生中穿过,往办公室走去。 2) make room for给??腾出地方
这个短语中的room是不可数名词,意思是“地方、空间”。例如: —Can you make room for your mother? 你能给你的妈妈腾个地方吗? —But there is no room here. 但这里没有地方了。 3) make up one’s mind下决心
这个短语的后面可接动词不定式作宾语,表示“下决心做某事”。例如:
They make up their mind to help the poor boy. 他们下决心帮助那个贫穷的男孩。 4) make fun of拿?...开玩笑
Don’t make fun of the poor boy. 不要取笑那个可怜的孩子。
随时练:
There are too many people here, so I can’t _______ for you.
A. take a room B. make a room C. take room D. make room 【答案与解析】
答案是D。从句意思理解考查短语动词make room for somebody的用法,其中room是不可数名词,表示“空间、地方”的意思。
10. 动词put构成的短语动词: 1) put on上演;穿上;戴上
这个短语是由动词put和副词on构成,表示“穿、戴”这一动作。如果宾语是代词,要放在on前。 例如:
My father put on his coat and went out. 我的爸爸穿上他的大衣就出去了。 Put it on, please. Let me see if it fits you. 请穿上它,让我看看它是否合适。 2) put up挂起;举起
这个短语有举起的意思,也有“张贴”的意思。例如:
The boy put up his hand and asked some questions. 那个男孩举起手问了一些问题。 Could you put up the picture? 你把这幅画贴上好吗? 3) put down放下(某物);写下
He put down his pen and began to listen to the teacher. 他放下钢笔开始听老师讲课。 Put down my telephone number please. 请记下我的电话号码。 4) put away把某物收起来
—Jim, put away your books. 吉姆,把你的书收起来。
—OK. I will put them away in a minute. 好的。我马上就收好它们。 5) put off推迟
The meeting will be put off because of the weather. 会议因为天气将被推迟。
随时练:
The flight to Guangzhou had to be ______ because of the heavy snow. A. put up B. put away C. put off D. put down 【答案与解析】
答案是 C。本题是考查短语动词的用法,put off和be构成被动语态表示“被推迟”的意思。
11. 动词take构成的短语动词: 1) take off 脱掉衣服
这个短语还有“起飞”的意思。反义短语是put on。例如:
My mother took off her coat and began to cook. 我妈妈脱掉他的大衣开始做饭。 When will the plane take off? 飞机什么时候起飞? 2) take out 取出
“从??取出某物”可以用“take something out of ?”。例如: Please take out a piece of paper. 请取出一张纸。
He took a book out of his bag. 他从包里拿出一本书。 3) take care of照顾;照料;注意
这个短语和look after是同义短语。take good care of 意思是“好好照顾”。例如: The little girl always takes good care of her sick mother. 这个小女孩总是细心照顾有病的妈妈。 4) take part in参加(活动)
Who will take part in the speech contest in your class? 你们班谁将参加讲演比赛? 5) take the place of取代;代替
Mr. Green will take the place of Miss Gao to be our English teacher. 格林先生将代替高老师做我们的英语老师。
随时练:
It’s too cold in the lab. You’d better not ______ your coat.
A. put away B. put on C. take off D. take away 【答案与解析】
答案是C。句意:实验室里太冷了,你最好不要脱掉大衣。take off意思是“脱掉”。注意空白处前面的not。易误选B。
12. 动词talk构成的短语动词: 1) talk about谈论有关??
They were talking about their plan when I got there. 当我到达那里时,他们在谈论他们的计划。 2) talk with/ to somebody和某人交谈
这个短语是由动词talk和介词with/ to构成,介词with的后面一般用名词或者人称代词

