extrapyramidal system (tract) 锥体外系 cortico-pallidal system 皮质-苍白球系
cortici-ponto-cerebellar system 皮质-脑桥-小脑
4. 脑脊膜、脑血管(Meninges and Blood Vessels of Brain) menines 脑脊膜
membranes of brain 脑膜 cerebral dura mater 硬脑膜 falx of cerebrum 大脑镰
tentorium of cerebellum 小脑幕 subdural space 硬膜下隙 spinal dura mater 硬脊膜 epidural space 硬膜外隙
cerebral part of arachnoid 脑蛛网膜 subarachnoid space 蛛网膜下隙
cerebellomedullary cistern 小脑延髓池，大池 pontine cistern 脑桥池
interpeduncular cistern 脚间池
arachnoid granulations 蛛网膜(颗)粒 cerebrospinal fluid,CSF 脑脊液 spinal part of arachnoid 脊髓蛛网膜 terminal cistern 终池
cerebral pia mater 软脑膜
choroids tela of fourth ventricle 第四脑室脉络组织 choroids plexus of fourth ventricle 第四脑室脉络丛 spinal pia mater 软脊膜
blood-brain barrier,BBB 血脑屏障 blood-CSF barrier 血-脑脊液屏障 CSF-brain barrier 脑脊液-脑屏障 venous sinus of dura mater 硬脑膜窦 transverse (sigmoid) sinus 横(乙状)窦 confluence of sinuses 窦汇
superior (inferior) sagittal sinus 上(下)矢状窦 straight sinus 直窦 cerebral a. 脑动脉 vertebral a. 椎动脉 basilar a. 基底动脉
posterior cerebral a. 大脑后动脉 internal carotid a. 颈内动脉
anterior communicating a. 前交通动脉 posterior communicating a. 后交通动脉 anterior (middle) cerebral a. 大脑前(中)动脉 cerebral arterior circle 大脑动脉环 cerebral v. 大脑静脉
superficial cerebral v. 大脑浅静脉
deep cerebral v. 大脑深静脉
（三） 周围神经系统 (Peripherial Nervous System) 1. 概述
sympathetic ganglion 交感神经节
white (gray) communicating branch 白 (灰)交通支 parasympathetic ganglion 副交感神经节 * spinal n. 脊神经 cranial n. 脑神经 mixed n. 混合神经
cutaneous (muscular) branches 皮(肌)支 articular branches 关节支
motor (sensory) n. 运动(感觉)神经 autonomic n. 自主神经 2. 脊神经 (Spinal Nerves)
anterior root, motor root 前根，运动根 posterior root, sensory root 后根, 感觉根 anterior (posterior) branch 前(后)支 communicative branch 交通支 meningeal branch 脊膜支 cervical n. 颈神经
greater occipital n. 枕大神经 cervical plexus 颈丛 suboccipital n. 枕下神经 lesser occipital n. 枕小神经 great auricular n. 耳大神经 transverse n. of neck 颈横神经 supraclavicular n. 锁骨上神经 * phrenic n. 膈神经 brachial plexus 臂丛
* musculocutaneous n. 肌皮神经 * median n. 正中神经
* ulnar (radial) n. 尺(桡)神经 * axillary n. 腋神经 thoracic n. 胸神经
intercostals n. 肋间神经 subcostal n. 肋下神经 lumbar n. 腰神经 lumbar plexus 腰丛
iliohypogastric n. 髂腹下神经 ilioinguinal n. 髂腹股沟神经 obturator n. 闭孔神经 * femoral n. 股神经 saphenous n. 隐神经
lumbosacral trunk (plexus) 腰骶干(丛)
sacral n. 骶神经 sacral plexus 骶丛 * sciatic n. 坐骨神经
common peroneal n. 腓总神经
superficial (deep) peroneal n. 腓浅(深)神经 tibial n. 胫神经
pudendal n. 阴部神经
3. 脑神经 (Cranial Nerves) * Olfactory n. 嗅神经 * Optic n. 视神经
* Oculomotor n. 动眼神经 * Trochlear n. 滑车神经 * Trigeminal n. 三叉神经 * Abducent n. 展神经 * Facial n. 面神经
* Vestibulocochlear n.前庭蜗神经,位听神经 * Glossopharyngeal n. 舌咽神经 * Vagus n. 迷走神经 * Accessory n. 副神经 * Hypoglossal n. 舌下神经
4. 内脏神经系统 (Visceral Nervous System) visceral motor (sensory) n. 内脏运动(感觉)神经 sympathetic part 交感部 sympathetic trunk 交感干
ganglia of sympathetic trunk 交感干神经节 thoracic ganglia 胸神经节
greater splanchnic n. 内脏大神经 lesser splanchnic n. 内脏小神经 parasympathetic part 副交感部 pelvic ganglia盆神经节
七、*内分泌系统 (Endocrine system) endocrine glands 内分泌腺 * thyroid gland 甲状腺 * parathyroid gland 甲状旁腺
inferior parathyroid gland 下甲状旁腺
* hypophysis, pituitary gland, pituitary body 垂体 pineal body 松果体 * suprarenal gland肾上腺 thymus 胸腺
