实验五 消化管
报告主题：空肠绒毛 主题属性：指定 标本号：19# 材料：猫空肠横切片 染色：HE染色
教学要求：掌握空肠的结构特征和判断依据；掌握肠绒毛和肠腺的结构。
小肠绒毛 Intestinal villi 纹状缘
Striated border 小肠腺
Intestinal glands 粘膜肌层 Muscularis mucosa 粘膜下层 Submucosa 肌层
Muscularis
图5-1 空肠（猫空肠横切片，HE染色，10×10）
Figure 5-1 Jejunum (The cat jejunum crosscut slice,HE stained，10×10)
上皮和固有层共同向肠腔突出形成小肠绒毛，切成许多纵断面与横断面，绒毛的表面为单层柱状上皮，主要有柱状细胞及少量的杯状细胞，上皮游离面有染色较红的纹状缘，绒毛的中轴的固有层为细密结缔组织，其内常见散在纵行的平滑肌、丰富的毛细血管、中央乳糜管及大量淋巴细胞。绒毛根部的上皮向固有层内下陷形成小肠腺。
Epithelium and lamina propria to highlight form small intestinal villus, lumen cut into many profile and cross section, the surface of the villi is simple columnar epithelium, mainly with columnar cells and a few goblet cells, epithelial free surface have dyed the red striated border,
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the center axis of the villi of the intrinsic layer of connective tissue, its common bulk longitudinal lines of smooth, rich in capillaries, central lacteals and a large number of lymphocytes. Down the roots of the epithelium to subsidence formed small intestinal lamina propria.
杯状细胞 Goblet cell
单层柱状上皮
Simple columnar epithelium
纹状缘
Striated border 固有层
Lamina propria
图5-2 空肠绒毛（猫空肠横切片，HE染色，40×10）
Figure 5-1 Intestinal villi (The cat jejunum crosscut slice,HE stained，40×10)
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实验六 循环系统
报告主题：中等动脉 主题属性：指定 标本号：10#
材料：狗中等动、静脉横切片 染色：HE染色
教学要求：掌握中等动脉的组织结构。
内膜
Tunica intima
中膜
Tunica media
外膜 Adventitia
图6 中等动脉 （狗中等动脉切片,HE染色,40×10）
Figure 6 Medium-sized artery （The dog medium artery section,HE stained, 40×10） ☆—外弹性膜（External elastic membrane），→—内弹性膜（Internal elastic membrane）
中等动脉分内、中、外三层膜，分别以内、外弹性膜为界。内膜很薄，最内层为内皮，一般只见内皮细胞核扁，染色深，并突向管腔；内皮下层为极薄的结缔组织，因制片关系使内皮细胞核紧贴于内弹性膜，内皮下层很难看到。内弹性膜的外侧为中膜，主要由数十层环行的平滑肌细胞构成。外膜为疏松结缔组织。
Middle artery, in part, three layers of membrane, respectively, within the external elastic membrane bounded. Endometrium is thin, the inner endothelial, generally only endothelial nuclei staining deep, shallow, and protruding into the lumen; the subendothelial layer for thin connective tissue, because the production relations between the endothelial cells adhered to the internal elastic membrane, the subendothelial layer is difficult to see. Lateral internal elastic membrane for membrane, is mainly composed of dozens of layers of circular smooth muscle cells. The tunica adventitia was loose connective tissue.
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实验七 免疫系统
报告主题：淋巴结 主题属性：指定 标本号：13# 材料：狗淋巴结切片 染色：HE染色
教学要求：掌握淋巴结的结构特点及其判断依据。
被膜 Envelope 小梁 Trabecula 淋巴小结
Lymphoid tissue 皮质 Cortex 髓质 Medulla
图7淋巴结皮质（狗淋巴结切片，HE染色，10×10）
Figure 7 Lymphoid cortex （The dog lymph node section，HE stained ,10×10）
淋巴结皮质分浅层皮质，深皮质和皮质淋巴窦。浅层皮质主要含有淋巴小结及薄层弥散淋巴组织，淋巴小结主要为B细胞分布。深皮质又称副皮质区，为较大片的弥散淋巴组织，主要由T细胞聚集而成。皮质淋巴窦位于被膜和小梁周围，分别被称被膜下窦和小梁周窦。
Lymph node cortex is divided into superfacialcortex , deep cortex and cortical sinus. superfacial cortex l mainly contain lymphoid nodule and thin diffuse lymphoid tissue , lymph nodule is mainly for the B cell distribution. Deep cortex is also named vice cortex, is a large diffuse lymphoid tissue, mainly composed of T cell aggregates and become. Cortical lymphatic sinus, in the envelope and trabecular around, were named by subcapsular sinus andperitrabecular sinus
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实验八 消化腺
报告主题：下颌下腺 主题属性：指定 标本号：24#
材料：人下颌下腺切片 染色：HE染色
教学要求：掌握下颌下腺的结构特点以及判断依据.
分泌管
Secretory duct 半月 Demilune 混合性腺泡 Mixed acinus 黏液性腺泡 Mucous acinus 浆液性腺泡 Serous acinus
图8 下颌下腺（人下颌下腺切片，HE染色，40×10）
Figure 8 Submandibular gland（submandibular gland section, HE stained, 40×10）
少量结缔组织把腺实质分隔成许多小叶。下颌下腺为混合性腺，有浆液性腺泡（主）、粘液性腺泡和混合性腺泡。在小叶内，可见红色的分泌管，其管径粗，管腔大，由单层高柱状上皮组成，细胞核大、圆或椭圆形，靠近游离面，胞质嗜酸性，在细胞的基底部可见基底纹。
高倍镜下，本图可见染成紫红色的浆液性腺泡、染色浅的黏液性腺泡和混合性腺泡，以及染成红色的分泌管。混合腺泡中，可见由数个浆液性细胞构成的半月。
the gland essence is divided into many lobule by A small amount of connective tissue. The submandibular gland is mixed gland, a serous acinus (mainly ), mucus acinus and mixedacinus. Bewteen the lobule, red secretory duct can be seen , the pipe diameter is thick, composed by single tall columnar epithelium, the nuclei are large, round or oval, near the free surface, cytoplasmic eosinophilic cells, in the basement of visiblebasal striation
At high magnification, this figure is dyed purple serous acinus, dyeing shallow mucinous acinus, mixed acinusand the secretion of dyed red tube. Mixed acinus, is composed of a number of serous cells and a demilune.
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