高等教育自学考试质量技术监督管理专业
毕 业 设 计
题 目：温室大棚温度测量系统设计 专 业： 质量技术监督管理 学 号： 400110171028 考生姓名：＿ 陈阵＿＿ 指导教师：＿＿ 焦波＿＿
哈 尔 滨 理 工 大 学
年 月 日
温室大棚温度测量系统设计
摘 要
温室大棚生产离不开温度的测量。本文设计了一种简单的大棚温度检测器，它能精确实时的测量出空气的温度。温度范围为－55℃～＋150℃，显示精度为±0.5℃。
整个系统选用AT89C51作为中央处理单元，并配以外围的A/D转换电路、键盘显示电路和RS-232串口电路等基本电路构成了检测器的核心部件，并通过温度传感器DS1820来采集最多16点的温度数据，来完成温度检测、实时显示、数据传输等功能。
本设计选用了嵌入式系统，结构简单、体积小、实时性好，便于实时采集环境温度。
关键词 温度传感器；模/数转换器；单片机；串行通讯
I
Greenhouse trellis temperature measurement
system design Abstract
Greenhouse trellis production without temperature measurement. This paper introduces a design simple canopy temperature detector, it can accurately measure the real-time air temperature. Temperature range for - 55 ℃ ~ + 150 ℃, display accuracy for + 0.5 ℃.
The whole system chooses AT89C51 as the central processing unit, and matches by the periphery of the A/D circuit, keyboard display circuit and RS - 232 serial interface circuit and other basic circuit constitutes the core components of the detectors, and through the temperature sensor DS1820 to collect at most 16 point temperature data, to complete the temperature detection, real-time display, data transmission, and other functions.
This design chooses the embedded system, simple structure, small volume, good real-time, facilitate the real-time data acquisition environmental temperature.
Keywords temperature sensor, D/a converter, Microcontroller, The serial communication
II
目 录
摘要 ...................................................................................................................... I Abstract ............................................................................................................... II
第1章 绪论 ........................................................................................................ 1 1.1 课题背景 ................................................................................................... 1 1.1.1 课题的研究的背景和意义 ................................................................ 1 1.1.2 课题的设计目的和功能 .................................................................... 1 1.2 国内外温室控制技术发展概况 ............................................................... 2 1.2.1 国外温室控制技术的发展 ................................................................ 2 1.2.2 我国温室控制技术的发展 ................................................................ 3 1.3 选题的目的和意义 ................................................................................... 3 第2章 温室大棚自动控制系统的控制方案设计 ............................................ 4 2.1 控制方案设计 ........................................................................................... 4 2.2 系统硬件结构 ........................................................................................... 6 2.3 温室大棚的硬件组成 ............................................................................... 6 2.3.1 传感器 ................................................................................................ 7 2.3.2 单片机控制系统 ................................................................................ 7 第3章 系统硬件电路设计 ................................................................................ 8 3.1 显示电路 ................................................................................................... 8 3.2 单片机电路 ............................................................................................... 9 3.3 AT89SISP下载口电路 .............................................................................. 9 3.4 DS18B20温度传感器电路 ..................................................................... 10 3.5 继电器电路 ............................................................................................. 10 3.6 晶振控制电路 ......................................................................................... 11 3.7 复位电路 ................................................................................................. 11 第4章 温室大棚的软件组成 .......................................................................... 12 4.1 软件系统设计的整体思想 ..................................................................... 12 4.2 单片机软件设计 ..................................................................................... 12 4.2.1 采集模块 .......................................................................................... 12 4.2.2 控制模块 .......................................................................................... 13 4.3 微机软件设计 ......................................................................................... 13 4.4 测试系统的设计 ..................................................................................... 13 4.4.1 温度测量电路 .................................................................................. 13 4.4.2 湿度测量电路 .................................................................................. 14 4.4.3 CO2含量测量电路 .......................................................................... 15
4.5 系统程序流程图 ..................................................................................... 16 4.5.1 主程序 .............................................................................................. 16 4.5.2 读出温度子程序 .............................................................................. 16 4.5.3 复位、应答子程序 .......................................................................... 18 4.5.4 写入子程序 ...................................................................................... 19 4.5.5 系统总的流程图 .............................................................................. 20 结论 .................................................................................................................... 21 致谢 .................................................................................................................... 22 参考文献 ............................................................................................................ 23
