JINGCHU UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY
本科毕业设计（论文）
圆垫片冲压模设计
学 院 机械工程学院 专 业 机械设计制造及其自动化 年级班别 07届机械四班 学 号 2007750439 学生姓名 舒清旺 指导教师 陈畅子
2011年 5 月 27 1
日
圆垫片冲压模设计
摘要：模具是现代工业生产中重要的工艺装备之一。在铸造、锻造、冲压、塑料、橡胶、玻璃、粉
末冶金、陶瓷等生产行业中得到广泛应用。某些发达国家的模具总产值已超过机床工业的总产值，在这些国家，模具工业已摆脱了从属地位而发展成为独立的行业。近年来，我国的模具工业也有了较大的发展，模具制造工艺和生产装备智能化程度越来越高，极大地提高了模具制造的精度、质量和生产率。
本模具的主要作用就是落料和冲孔，通过查阅相关文献资料，对圆垫片工件进行工艺分析，选择并确定符合于给定条件的最优工艺方案，及进行了工艺组合形式。本设计介绍了主要零部件的设计理念，详细剖析了设计过程中的一些思路。阐述了倒装复合模的设计要点，使产品质量达到设计要求。然后以些为基础，设计出冲压模具主要零件的结构。并在设计中，介绍了零件的排样图，定位设计，冲裁力的计算和压力中心的计算。本设计分析冲模模架的基本类型，讨论了冲模模架的技术要求，介绍了标准的装配工艺，并指出模架装配时的注意事项。条料的步进定位是一个很重要的工序，其对工件的精度影响很重要，因些对设计的准确性与标准性对模具既有利于模具维修的规范，也为整个模具的顺利生产打下了一个良好的基础。同时凸凹模地产品生产质量影响也很大，在提高经济效益和降低成本的前提下，设计出合理而简单的凸凹模结构，这是设计中的重要环节。本设计分析了冲压模上圆垫片的成型工艺特点，其中包括利用对工件展开图的尺寸计算，工件的工艺分析，模具设计的难点，确定复合模的排样方案和模具的总体结构。复合模有冲孔，落料两个工作过程，各成型动作的协调性以及凸凹模的装配间隙，确定合理的冲裁间隙是本模具的重中之重，它不仅影响冲裁件的形状、尺寸和精度，还影响模具的使用寿命。在模具材料的选择时还应注意材料的性能和强度。因此，应尽量选择模具的标准件，这样不仅可以提高模具的寿命还可以缩短模具的制造周期。
关键词：圆垫片；落料；冲孔；复合模
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Abstract
Mold is an important process equipment in the future in industrial.and it was also
widely used in casting, forging, stamping, plastics, rubber, glass, powder metallurgy, ceramics and other production industries. In some developed countries，the output value of the mold was more than machine tool industry.The mold industry had been developed as an independent business. In recent years, Chinese mold industry has also been developed considerablly, with the mold manufacturing processes and production equipment becoming more intelligent, the mold manufacturing has been greatly improved the precision mold manufacturing, quality and productivity.
The main role of that mold is to die blanking and punching, by using relevant literature, the process of circular pad was analysised, selected and determined.The design introduced the design concept of the main components, the design process was
detailed analysis .it describes the design features flip compound die for product quality. then, the main parts of the structure was based on stamping die design .,including the layout of parts described map, locate the design, calculation and blanking force center of pressure calculations. The design of the basic types of die mold, die mold discuss the technical requirements, describes the standard assembly process, and that mold assembly considerations. Strip of step orientation is a very important process, and its impact on the accuracy of the work piece is very important, because some of the design standards of accuracy and is conducive to mold to the mold maintenance specifications, but also for the smooth production of the mold and lay a good foundation. Punch and die in the same time a great impact product quality, economic efficiency and reduce costs in the premise, design a reasonable and simple punch and die structure, which is an important part of the design. In addition, determine a reasonable die blanking clearance is the top priority, not only for Blanking shape, size and precision, but also affect the life of mold. Using the mold materials ，it should pay attention to the properties and strength of the material.it was looked that choosing the mold standard parts could not only improve the life of the mold ,but also decread the manufacturing cycle.
Key words: circular gasket, blanking, punching, compound mold
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目 录
1. 摘要 ???????????????????????????????? 2 2. 绪论 ???????????????????????????????? 6 2.1 冲压的概念特点及应用 ?????????????????????? 6 2.2 冲压的基本工序和模具分类 ????????????????????? 7 2.3 冲压技术的现状和发展方向 ????????????????????? 7 2.4 选题背景及国内外发展 ??????????????????????? 11 3. 冲裁工艺 ?????????????????????????????? 14 3.1 冲压件工艺分析 ?????????????????????????? 14 3.2 冲压方案的确定 ?????????????????????????? 14 4. 排样 ???????????????????????????????? 17 4.1 排样方式的确定 ????????????????????????? 17 4.2 条料宽度的计算 ?????????????????????????? 17 4.3 材料利用率 ???????????????????????????? 18 5. 冲压力计算 ???????????????????????????? 19 5.1 落料力的计算 ??????????????????????????? 19 5.2 冲孔力的计算 ??????????????????????????? 19 5.3 冲件力的计算 ??????????????????????????? 19 6. 凸模的设计 ????????????????????????????? 20 6.1 凸模长度 ????????????????????????????? 20 6.2 凸模强度校核 ??????????????????????????? 20 7. 凹模的设计 ????????????????????????????? 21 7.1 凹模外形 ????????????????????????????? 21 7.2 凹模板厚度 ???????????????????????????? 21 7.3 凹模形孔侧壁形状 ????????????????????????? 21 7.4 凹模板上孔壁的最小尺寸 ?????????????????????? 22 8. 凸凹模间隙 ???????????????????????????? 22 8.1 间隙对冲裁件尺寸精度的影响 ??????????????????? 22 8.2 间隙对模具寿命的影响 ?????????????????????? 23 8.3 间隙值的确定 ??????????????????????????? 23 9. 凸模固定板的设计 ?????????????????????????? 24 10. 垫板的设计 ???????????????????????????? 24 11. 工件刃口尺寸计算 ???????????????????????? 25 11.1 冲孔刃口尺寸计算 ???????????????????????? 25
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11.2 落料刃口计算 ? ????????????????????????? 26 12. 压力中心 ?????????????????????????????? 26 12.1 压力中心的计算与压力中心????????????????????? 26 13. 定位装置 ????????????????????????????? 26 13.1 定位方式的选择 ????????????????????????? 26 13.2 活动挡位销 ?????????????????????????? 27 13.3 导料销 ???????????????????????????? 27 13.4 导正销 ????????????????????????????? 27 14. 卸料装置 ????????????????????????????? 27 14.1 卸料及出件的方式选择 ?????????????????????? 27 14.2 卸料板的设计 ?????????????????????????? 28 14.3 卸料螺钉的选用 ????????????????????????? 28 15. 冲模导向 ????????????????????????????? 28 15.1 导向方式的选择 ???????????????????????? 28 16. 模架及其他零件部位设计 ?????????????????????? 29 18. 冲压设备的选用 ?????????????????????????? 30 19. 总结 ??????????????????????????????? 31 致谢 ????????????????????????????????? 32 参考文献 ????????????????????????????????33
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