4th year
Translation Course
Translation Exercises (English-Chinese)(III)
Jim was laid up for four days and nights. Then the swelling was all gone and he was around
again. I made up my mind I wouldn’t ever take aholt of a snake skin again with my hands, now that I see what had come of it. Jim said he reckoned I would believe him next time. And he said that handling a snakeskin was such awful bad luck that maybe we hadn’t got the end of it yet. He said he’d rather see the new moon over his left shoulder as much as a thousand times than take up a snakeskin in his hand. Well I was getting to feel that way myself, though I’ve always reckoned that looking at the new moon over your left shoulder is one of the carelessest and foolishest things a body can do. Old Hank Bunker done it once, and bragged about it; and in less than two years he got drunk and fell off the shot tower and spread himself out so that he was just kind of layer, as you may say; and they slid him edgeways between two bar doors for a coffin, and buried him so, so they say, but I didn’t see it. Pap told me. But anyway, it all come of looking at the moon that way, look a fool.
36
4th year
Translation Course
Translation Exercises (English-Chinese)(IV)
One time, however, we were near quarrelling. He said the pleasantest manner of spending a hot July day was lying from morning till evening on a bank of heath in the middle of the moors, with the bees humming dreamily about among the bloom, and the larks singing high up overhead, and the blue sky and bright sun shining steadily and cloudlessly. That was his most perfect idea of heaven’s happiness; mine was rocking a rustling green tree, with a west wing blowing and bright clouds flitting rapidly above; and not only larks, but throstles, and blackbirds, and linnets, and cuckoos pouring out music on every side, and the moors seen at the distance, broken into cool dusky dells; but close by great swells of long grass undulating in waves to the breeze; and woods and sounding water, and the whole world awake and wide with joy. He wanted all to lie in an ecstasy of peace; I wanted all to sparkle and dance in a glorious jubilees. I said his heaven would be only half alive; and he said nine would be drunk; I said I said I should fall asleep in his; and he said he could not breathe in mine, and began to grow very snappish. At last, we agreed to try both, as soon as the right weather came; and then we kissed each other and were friends.
37
4th year
Translation Course
Translation Exercises (English-Chinese)(V)
We can nowhere found a better type of a perfectly free creature than in the common house fly. Nor free only, but brave. There is no courtesy in him; he does not care whether it is king or clown whom he tastes; and in every step of his swift, mechanical march, and in every pause of his resolute observation, there is one and the same expression of perfect egotism, perfect independence and self-confidence, and conviction of the world’s having been make for flies.
Strike at him with your hand; and to him, the aspect of the matter is, what to you it would be, if an acre of red clay, ten feet thick, torn itself up from the ground and came crashing down on the back of it. You can not terrify him, nor govern him, nor persuade him, nor convince him.
38
4th year
Translation Course
Translation Exercises (English-Chinese)(VI)
It is strange how much you can remember about places lke that you once allow your mind to return into the grooves which lead back. You remember one thing, and that suddenly reminds you of another thing. I guess I remember clearest of all the early mornings, when the lake was cool and motionless, remembered how the bedroom smelled of the lumber it was made of and of the wet woods whose scent entered through the screen. The partitions in the camp were thin and did not extend clear to the top of the rooms, and as I was always the first up I would dress softly so as not to awake the others, and snake out into the sweet outdoors and start out in the canoe, keeping close along the shore in the long shadows of the pines. I remembered being very careful never to rub my paddle against the gunwale for fear of disturbing the stillness of the cathedral.
39
4th year
Translation Course
Translation Exercises (English-Chinese)(VII)
It is right that Your Lordship should be informed that there is a very strong democratic party in each of these Commonwealths. And as they will in the event of any attempt being made to separate New England from the Union most probably be assisted by the General Government in resisting this measure, it appears that the Federal Party wishes to ascertain at this early period whether Great Britain would under these circumstances afford them military assistance to effect their purpose should they stand in need for it.
40
4th year
Translation Course
Translation Exercises (English-Chinese)(VIII)
Beginnings are apt to be shadowy, and so it is with the beginnings of that great mother of life, the sea. Many people have debated how and when the earth got its ocean, and it is not surprising that their explanations do not always agree. For the plain and the inescapable truth is that no one was there to see, and in the absence of eye-witness accounts there is bound to be a certain amount of disagreement. So I tell here the story of how the young planet Earth acquired an ocean, it must be a story pieced together from many sources and containing whole chapters the details of which we can only imagine. The story is founded on the testimony of the earth’s most ancient rocks, which were young when the earth was young; on other evidence written on the face of the earth’s satellite, the moon; and on hints contained in the history of the sun and the whole universe of star-filled space. For although no man was there to witness this cosmic birth, the stars and the moon and the rocks were there, and indeed, had much to do with the fact that there is an ocean.
41
翻译练习材料（一）
Dear Sir:
Your advertisement in this morning’s Beijing Daily for a sales manager prompts me to offer you my qualifications for this position. Because your requirements closely parallel my working experience.
As the enclosed resume indicates, I have had five years’ experience in marketing. I have turned in an above-average sales record for the past five years.
I’m quite happy in my present work, but foreign trade in your company sounds more appealing. I would like to have more promotion. Regarding salary, I would leave that to you, my present salary is 6000 Yuan RMB per month.
I’ll be glad to have an interview at your convenience, and can furnish references if desired.
Yours truly’ Polly Lawrence
Enclosed:2
1
翻译练习材料（二）
Dear Mr. Levin:
Edith Winters informs me of an opening in your secretarial staff, a position for which I should very much like to become a candidate.
I understand you need a legal secretary with a rapid stenographic skill and the ability to handle a large volume of correspondence. Along with my degree in legal stenographic from Foothill Junior College, I have four years of stenographic experience in retail dry goods and in insurance. My shorthand speed is 145 words per minute. On my present job, I handle between forty and sixty letters everyday. Both at Foothill and on the job, I have had trained sufficient to prepare me to handle routine letters without supervision.
My present job at Southwestern Life &Indemnity has been quite satisfactory, but, having taking my degree recently, I seek the further challenges and reward of a top-flight legal firm. Miss Winter’s enthusiasm for her work assures me that I would like the job. I hope the enclosed resume will help interest the firm in me.
I can be in Los Angles for an interview any afternoon convenient for you. May I look forward to speaking with you about the position you have available?
Yours sincerely
Laura Edmond
2
翻译练习材
RESUME
料（三）
John A. William 2195 Park Avenue Monroe, LA 72102-3876 (318)322-8471 Career Objective: Laboratory Technician Education:
1985-1989 University of Chicago, Chicago, I11.B.Sc., Majored in Chemistry Scholastic Average: B plus
Minored in Mathematics, scholastic average: B plus Scholarships:
1985-1987: Half-tuition scholarship 1988-1989: Full-tuition scholarship Working experience:
1987-1988 Laboratory assistant, Chicago Downtown Hospital.
Work involved blood, urine analysis; recording keeping. Average 10 hours per week during the school year. Worked full-time during summers of 1988 and 1989.
1988-1989 Clerical assistant, Chemistry Department, University of Chicago. Extracurricular activities: 1988-1989 1988-1990
Chemistry club; Treasurer 1988
Women’s Tennis Team; co-captain 1988,1989
Scholastic Record------- High School
1981-1985 Centerville High school Scholastic Average: A minus Scholastic Recognition:
In 1985, won Kentucky Science Fair prize. Extracurricular activities:
Tennis Club:1981-1985 Orchestra: 1981-1993 Glee Club:1983-1985 Personal: Age: 26 Health: Excellent Height: 180 cm Weight: 185 kg Reference:
Mr. Angela Sullivan, President, Chicago Downtown Hospital. P.O. Box 6003, Chicago, 479012 Tel:601-692-4367
Dr. Ruth McGraw, Professor, Chemistry, University of Chicago, P.O. Box 8741, 356124,Tel;601-543-74061 School, working, and personal reference available.
3
翻译练习材料（四）
Dear Sir:
It is a pleasure to recommend to you Mr. Joseph Marshall, who is my student, to be a candidate for a graduate scholarship in American Literature at your University.
Mr. Marshall finished his undergraduate study as an English major Last June. His ability to listening, speaking, reading and writing is very good. I have taught his American literature for two years. So I assure you that he was a top student in my class. In addition to this, he is interested in American literature and Chinese literature particularly. Thus, he intends to study Comparative literature at your university.
He is only 20 years old, his hard-working and quick mind will be helpful for his future success. He has been regarded as a reliable, industrious and persistent student by many teachers.
If you would kindly offer him a scholarship at your university, you will be rewarded by his excellent academic ability and character.
Yours Sincerely, Elizabeth Thander, Ph. D. Dean of English Department
4
翻译练习材料（五）
A: 借助词典翻译下面与颜色有关的词语 1. red book 2. red face 3. red cap 4. in the red 5. pink slip 6. blue blood 7. feel blue 8. go into the red 9. call white black 10. once ina blue moon 11. pain the town red 12. white-collar worker 13. blue-collar worker 14. blue-ribbon beer 15. show the white feather 16. roll out the red carpet 17. black sheep of the family
B: 翻译下面的句子，注意颜色词的使用。 1. He is green with envy. 2. He is a green horn. 3. You are yellow. 4. He is purple with rage. 5. When I said that, he saw red. 6. This happens once in the blue. 7. He is not black as he is painted.
8. All theses were put down in black and white. 9. I saw him for the first time in his true colours.
C: 翻译下面成语与谚语， 注意fish 一词有关词语的使用。1． have other fish to fry 2． big fish in the little pond 3． Never offer to teach fish to swim.
4． There’s as good fish in the sea as ever came out of it. 5． Venture a small fish to catch a great one.
6． He who would catch fish must not mind getting wet. 7． The best fish smell when they are three years old. 8． The best fish swim in the bottom. 9．
If you swear you will catch no fish.
D: 翻译下面句子，注意其中的喻义与引申。 1. daily bread 2. out of bread 3. bread and water
5
4th year
Translation Course
Translation Exercises (Chinese-English)(II)
梅贻琦
梅贻琦（1889——1962年）教育家、天津人。1909年考取清华第一批“直接留美生”，入吴斯特工业学院学习机电工程。1915年9月应聘来清华大学任物理学教授，1926年出任教务长。1931年出任校长直至1948年底。他仅用几年时间就使当时的清华大学城许多方面跻身于世界名大学之林。作为教育家，梅贻琦有一套完整的教育思想体系，其治校方略可以归结为三个组成部分：通才教育（或“自由教育”）、教授治学（或“民主管理”）和学术自由（或“自由探讨之风气”）。其代表作则1941年撰发的《大学一解》。他的“大学者非谓有大楼之谓也，有大师之谓也”的著名论说，至今在教育界广为传诵。
1、直接留美生 students who passed the exam of direct studying in USA 2、吴斯特工业学院Worcester Polytechnic Institute 3、机电工程 electrical engineering 4、应聘be engaged 5、教务长Dean of Studies 6、跻身rank among
7、完整的教育思想体系a complete ideological system of education 8、治校方略strategy of running the university 9、通才教育generalist edication
10、自由探讨之风气free atmosphere of airing one’s views 11、《大学一解》An interpretation of University 12、教育界the education circles
31
4th year
Translation Course
Translation Exercises (Chinese-English)(III)
外语系图书馆
外语系图书馆占地面积125平方米，藏书203万册。整个图书馆包括3间书库，1个阅览室，即英、俄文图书混合库，英文工具书库，日、法、德混合库和中英期刊阅览室。所藏图书以英语语言研究及相关文献为主体，兼藏日、俄、德、法书籍资料。此外，订有种类中外文期刊近200种。
外语系图书馆为专业图书馆，着重语言研究与语言教学，是学校图书馆人文分馆的一个重要分支。目前，馆内全部馆藏已实现计算机化管理，并提供网络服务。
1、占地（建筑面积）with the floor space of 2、藏书have books in storage 3、书库 stack room
4、工具书dictionaries and books 5、期刊magazines and periodicals 6、相关文献relevant literatures 7、兼藏concurrently keep (books) 8、专业图书馆a library for special purpose 9、人文分馆a sub-library of the humanities 10、计算机化管理computerized management
32
4th year
Translation Course
Translation Exercises (Chinese-English)(IV)
个人简历
个人情况 姓名：张伟 性别：男
出生日期：1980年12月5日 婚姻状况：未婚 健康状况：良好
通讯地址：北京清华大学28号楼502室 邮编：100084
电话：010—6277632
电子信函地址：zhangwei@mails.tsinghua.end.cn 个人爱好：小提琴、足球
学历
1992年9月—1995年7月 成都市第三十八中学（初中）1995年9月—1998年7月 成都市第七中学（高中） 1998年9月—2002年7月 清华大学土木工程系
获奖励情况
全国中学物理联赛一等奖（1997） 四川省优秀学生干部（1998）
清华大学学业优秀一等奖学金（1999--2002） 清华大学结构设计大赛三等奖（2001） 北京大学生数学竞赛二等奖（2002）
证明人
张烛光 成都市第七中学校长 电话（028--6345264）
李宏建 清华大学土木工程系教授 电话（010--62784563）
33
4th year
Translation Course
Translation Exercises (English-Chinese)(I)
Della finished her cry and attended her cheeks with the power rag. She stood by her window and looked out dully at a grey cat walking a grey fence in a gray backyard. Tomorrow would be Christmas Day, and she had only $ 1.87 with which to buy Jim a present. She had been saving every penny she could for months, with this result. Twenty dollars a week doesn’t go far. Expenses had been greater than she had calculated. They always are. Only to buy a present for Jim. Her Jim. Many a happy hour she had spent planning for something nice for him, something fine and rare and sterling---- something just a little bit near to being worthy of the honor of being owned by Jim.
There was a pier-glass between the windows of the room. Perhaps you have seen a pier-glass in an $ 8 flat. Avery thin and very agile person may, by observing his reflection in s rapid sequence of longitudinal strips, obtain a fairly accurate conception of his looks. Della, being slender, had mastered the art.
From O. Henry’s The Gift of the Magi
34
4th year
Translation Course
Translation Exercises (English-Chinese)(II)
Rip Van Winkle, however, was one of those happy mortals of foolish, well-oiled dispositions, who take the word easy, eat white bread or brown, whichever can be got with least thought or trouble, and would rather starve on a penny than work for a pound. If left to himself, he would have whistled life away in perfect contentment; but his wife kept continually dinning in his ears about his idleness, his carelessness and the ruin he was bringing on his family. Morning, noon, and night, her tongue was increassantly going, and everything he said and did was sure to produce a torrent of household eloquence. Rip had but one way of replying to all lectures of the kind, and that, by frequent use, had grown into a habit. He shrugged his shoulders, shook his head, cast up his eyes, but said nothing. This, however, always provoked a fresh volley from his wife; so that he was fain to draw off his forces, and take to the outside of the house--- the only side which , in truth, belongs to a hen-pecked husband.
From Washington Irving’s Rip Van Winkle
35
练习（十二）增词法
翻译句子，注意在必要之处增加词语
1. Histories make men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtle; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic
and rhetoric able to contend.(增加动词)
2. In the evening, after the banquets the concerts and the table tennis exhibitions, he would work on the drafting
of the final communiqué. (增加动词)
3. They had brought it all at his side--- the bruising battles, the humiliations of the defeat--- through empty
mid—1960s—until at last, in1968, they were able to savor the sweet taste of triumph. (增加动词) 4. He dismissed the meeting without a closing speech. (增加动词) 5. They are fine actors. Smith is the finest I have ever seen. (增加名词) 6. Better be wise by the defeat of others than by your own. (增加名词)
7. It as revealed that yield peaked when the crop was harvested about one week before what is normally
considered to be optimum ripeness and decreased slightly for two-weeks pre-optimum harvest and appreciably for three-and four-weeks post-optimum harvest. (增加名词) 8. Day after day he came to his work---sweeping, scrubbing, cleaning. (增加名词) 9. Flowers bloom all over the yard.（体现语法意义）
10. Disappearances occurred with apparently increasingly frequency. （体现语法意义） 11. I had known two great social systems. （体现语法意义） 12. Theory is something but practice is everything. （增加副词）
13. Kissinger had slept there before, in July and again in October. （增加副词） 14. Herb gave her a sly look. （增加量词）
15. Into the dim clouds was swimming a crescent moon.（增加量词）
16. At the meeting he made a speech—eloquent and energetic.（形容词前增加副词） 17. He was weak and old. （形容词前增加副词）
21
练习（十三）减词法
试译下面句子，注意斜体词语的省译
1. The tiger in danger is becoming extinct. 2. The sky is quite blue and cloudless.
3. The Romans defeated the Carthaginians in 202 B.C.
4. The best way to learn a language is to live among the speakers. 5. Men and women, old and young, all joined the battle.
6. If you write to him, the response would be absolute silence and void. 7. He was in his early twenties. 8. Thank you for reminding me of it.
9. Everyman is a fool sometimes, and none at all times. 10. She was tolerant by temperament.
11. It is not alone: it forms one of revolutions, of which the other two were the American Revolution that started
in 1755, and the French Revolution that started in 1789.
12. The universities also took little interest in modern or scientific studies; and they were closed to those who did
not conform to the Church of England. 13. He is not well today, but he still comes to class..
14. He put his hands into his pockets and then shrugged his shoulders. 15. If you give him an inch, he will take a mile. 16. It’s your pen. I found it on the playground. 17. When three know it, all know it. 18. It never rains, but it pours.
19. In twelve Yan’an years the Chinese Communists had fitted themselves to the land, the rhythm of its seasons,
the mood of its peasants.
20. There was no snow, the leaves were gone from the trees, the grass was dead.
22
练习（十四）正反译与反正译
一、试译下面句子，注意用反面表达法翻译斜体部分的词语
1. He is above doing such things.
2. I assume you’ve decided against going to the movie. 3. She had been too stunned to utter a sound. 4. It is a book devoid of content. 5. Their hopes were reduced to zero. 6. I’m at a loss what to do.
7. He is the last man to accept a bribe. 8. Rest is the farthest thing from his mind. 9. His books go begging. 10. He is the stranger to fear. 11. He has seen little of life.
12. Some little hesitation was caused by the statement of the Romans. 13. The first bombs missed the target. 14. Such a chance was denied me.
15. The islanders found themselves far from ready to fight the war.
16. Both sides thought that the peace proposal was one they could accept with dignity. 17. The door refuses to shut. 18. The experiment failed of success. 19. What he said is far from truth.
20. He would have helped us but that he was short of money at the time. 21. I’d have come with you but that I was so busy.
22. The boys in the street have become insolent and it is more than flesh and blood can bear.. 23. He would be the last man to say such things. 24. He is more experienced to do such a thing. 25. His spirits were too low for the work. 26. His words are too sweet to be trusted. 27. A: The boy is quite clever. B: Exactly.
28. The subversion attempts proved predictably futile.
29. We believe that the young generation will prove worthy of our trust. 30. The explanation is pretty thin.
23
二、用正面表达法翻译下面句子。
1. We will never neglect our duties.
2. I asked him whether I could not do anything for him.
3. Many agreed that the Prime Minister had in effect resigned dishonorably.
4. Mr. Runsfield said the country was unprecedentedly engaged in a miss-building program. 5. Didn’t I tell you so?
6. Can’t you stay a bit longer? We so seldom have a chance to get together. 7. “Don’t stop working!” he said.
8. Jim was no end upset because he couldn’t go swimming. 9. Don’t waster time in posting this letter.
10. She couldn’t keep from crying after knowing this sad news. 11. Sir Percival’s spies were not going to lose sight of me. 12. The significance of these incidents wasn’t lost on me.
13. Everyone acknowledges that Newton was a great man; yet few have more than the vaguest acquaintance with his living personality.
14. We don’t doubt that he can do a good job of it.
15. We don’t deny that we lag far behind other advanced countries in science.
16. Not infrequently the primary meaning of a word dies away and the derivative meaning remains. 17. What appeared to me wonderful was that none of the ants came home without bringing something. 19. The history of civilization shows how man always has to choose between making true than in our age. 20. Deprives as he was of the fluency of speech, we did not feel his kindness the less. 21. She won’t go away until you promise to help her.
22. Nowadays it is not seldom that a man lives to be seventy years old. 23.No one but a great philosopher could solve such a question.
24. I never go past that house but I think of my miserable life in the old society. 25. My income is not too small to support my family. 26. It’s never too later to give up our prejudice. 27. He is not such a foolish boy but he knows it. 28. They desire nothing but to enjoy the present moment.
.
24
练习十五 (换序译法)
翻译下面句子，注意换序。
1、The music world and the world at large became poorer places on the April 8, when Marian Anderson, the great alto from Philadelphia died at 96.
2、She published her first collection of short stories in1963, two year after she had received her master’s degree from the University of Wisconsin and became an instructor of English at the University of Detroit.
3、父亲刚去世，我就迁往1500里以外的兰州，成家并开始了自己的事业。 4、尼卡县（Tunica）曾经是密西西比州最贫困的县，现在它却是拥有八个赌场和一个大型娱乐中心。
5、The family from whom she rented her room and bath ignored her activities so long as her rent was promptly paid.
6、This preface must necessarily be short and modest, for I cannot claim to be an expert in painting merely an ardent lover of the art.
7、Of course, he would wish to be remembered for the Declaration of Independence, which not only gave birth to the new American nation but gave it a democratic creed and gave a philosophy of human rights to the world.
8、她刚刚毕业，虽然英语很糟糕，可是由于那时劳动力缺乏，他终于在当地图书管里谋得一份工作。
9、花园的建造始于1558年，但由于资金缺乏，时建时停，20年以后才建成。 10、因为工作繁忙和三个年幼的孩子，除了家人聚会以及节假日之外，我从未花 时间去探望她。
翻译下面句子，注意划线部分的译法。
1、在那场战争中，这道城墙开始出现许多裂痕。 2、发生了这样的事不是你的错。
3、她，一个瘦弱多病的女孩子，以她坚强的毅力写出了一部催人奋进的小说。 4、刘四爷没搭碴儿，想了想，问道：“话匣子呢？唱唱！” 5、她认真热情，一字不漏地记下了所有的话。
6、东西越小，地心引力对它的洗吸力就越小，重量也就越轻。 7、一直在一旁观看的小学生们开始鼓起掌来。 8、她每天早上教我们学法语。
9、会议没能取得一致意见就结束了。
10、我们还在一些老解放区打打推广了农业生产互助组的组织。
25
练习十六（断句、转句译法）
翻译下面句子，注意斜体部分的译法（断句）
1、While the present century was in its teens, and on one sunshiny morning in June, they drove up to the great iron gate of Miss Pinkerton’s academy for young ladies, on Chiswick Mall, a large family coach.（W.M. Thackeray. Vanity Fair）
2、Because the young man frequently came to the lady’s house, he was regarded as the mistress’s lover.
3、After singing a concert in this city, he said he wanted to great his admirers backstage as as he always does.
4、When Kunta got home with the massa well into one night a few months later, Bell was less irritated than concerned that they were both too tired even to eat the good supper she’d prepared.(Alex Haley, Roots)
5、Kunta was so worn out, slumped in his rocking chair, staring vacantly at the fire, that he didn’t even notice Bell feeling his forehead and taking off his shoes. (Alex Haley, Roots)
6、这首歌并不曾继续多久，//就和笛声共同消失在黑暗里了。（巴金，《家》） 7、自己既不肯动，他希望虎姑娘快快进屋去，或是命令他干点什么，//简直受不了这样的折磨，一种什么也不像而非常难过的折磨。（老舍，《骆驼祥子》）
翻译下面句子，注意斜体或划线部分的译法（转句）
1、The inside of each tent depended on the personality of its occupants.
2、Mr. Myles still smiled but his voice had a little bit irritation in it, unusual to Bob. 3、Easy and pleasant as their life at Paris was, it was after all only an idle dalliance and amiable trifling. （W.M. Thackeray. Vanity Fair） 4、Strange enough they were the same age to the day.
5、Clapp, with the best of characters and handwritings, had been able very soon after his master’s disaster to find other employment for himself. (Herman Wouk, The winds of War)
6、“It’s very bad, madam, obviously.” (Herman Wouk, The winds of War)
7、Luckily, at this time he aught a liver complaint, for the cure of which he returned to Europe, and which was the great source of great comfort and amusement to him in his native county. (Herman Wouk, The winds of War)
8、去年八月那场使七个国家遭受了极大损失的来势凶猛的龙卷风已经引起了全球科学家的高度重视。
9、冬天，快过阴历年的时候，一个风雪满天的星期日，余永泽从外面抱回了许多好吃的东西。（杨沫《青春之歌》）
10、他像大海捞针一样在茫茫黑夜里寻找金色的梦。
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练习十七（合句、缩句译法）
翻译下列句子，并注意合句译法的应用
1、笛声止了。//远远地响起了拍掌声和欢乐声。（巴金，《家》）
2、旧历年快来了。//这是一年中的第一件大事。//除了那些负债过多的人以外，大家都热烈地欢迎这个佳节的到来。（巴金，《家》）
3、讲动武，祥子不能打个老实人，也不能打个姑娘。//他的力量没地方用。（老舍，《骆驼祥子》）
4、过了两年，他又换过学校，却遇见了一个值得感佩的同事。//那同事是个诚朴的人，担任教师有六七年了。（叶圣陶，《倪焕之》）
5、这地主姓高，叫敬斋。//过去铁道游击队在这里住的时候，李正曾跟他和另外几个地主谈过话，要他们积极帮助抗日。（知侠《铁道游击队》）
6、It was on the early morning of April 2,1971.The pilots were briefed in the ready room.
7、When we praised the Chinese leadership and the people, we are not merely being polite.
8、His father had a small business in the city of Pisa. This city is in the north of Italy near the sea.
9、The time was 10:30, and the traffic on the street was light.. 10、 He was very clean. His mind was open.
翻译下面句子，并注意缩句译法的应用
1、They sat down in the waiting -room to do some reading. People came to and fro there.
2、孔乙己着了慌，伸开五指将碟子罩住，弯腰下去说道：“不多了，我已经不多了。”（鲁迅 《孔乙己》）
3、他在去年夏天把十九所的小女儿小福子卖给了一个军人。卖了二百块钱。（老舍 《骆驼祥子》）
4、他们到了杨集。这是老洪带着队伍从枣庄过来和申茂队员们会合的日子。（知侠 《铁道游击队》）
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练习十八（转态译法） 练习十九 无主句的译法
翻译下列句子，注意无主句的译法(随堂)。 1、去年发现了一种稀有元素。 2、必须保证八小时睡眠。 3、究竟能不能巩固呢？
4、你忘了一句古话了吗：活到老，学到老。何况你并不老。（周而复《上海的早晨》） 5、总之是两点而不是一点。
6、地下埋着大量的金、银、铜、铅和锌。
7、和这些产品一道展出的还有钢铁厂和高炉的模型。 8、请讲慢一点！
9、不经一事，不长一智。
10、在这里，可以听到最荒唐的新闻，如某处的大蜘蛛怎么成了精，受了雷击。
练习二十 省略句的译法
翻译下面句子（随堂）
1、 Western Europe has been hit harder than the United States, and Japan less.
2、 They are looking for an explanation, and what better one than the language is being
misused by other people.
3、 At the time of Kennedy’s assassination, Kissinger felt that a second term would
have led either to greatness or to disaster. 4、 Rumours had already spread along the streets and lanes.
5、 Old impulses must be superseded by new, the egoism of class society by the habit of
thinking in terms of the collective 6、 This technique has been available in Britain for years, but its versatility has been
never exploited extensively as it has in Germany. 7、 I kept going back to it at odd times during the day, then at night when I was being
put to bed. 8、 The question “What are the roads like?” may when asked at one time, refer to the
condition of the surface, at another to their narrowness, at another to the traffic upon them, and at still another to the presence or othe wise of ice and snow. 9、 Better that nothing were done than that things should be done by halves.
10、They are tempted to be careless how they spend their time, because they imagine they have so much of it.
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4th-year
Translation course
Quiz
Translate the following sentences into proper Chinese.
1. This was more than the Pentagon generals had reckoned with.
2. Their host carved, poured, served, cut bread, talked, laughed, proposed health. 3. He once again imparted to us his great knowledge, experiences and wisdom. 4. The use of poison gas by Vietnam in Cambodia is a clear violation of international law--- in particular of the Geneva Convention.
5. Kissinger felt massive bombing would strengthen the President’s hand in China. 6. In order to achieve this objective, the government of the United States of America and the government of the People’s republic of China have agreed as follows:----- 7. Korean paper, Japanese charge distortion of history. China Daily Headline.
8. The soil has great power of absorbing and storing phosphate so that what is not used by the first crop can serve, at least in part, for the crops that follow.
9. Although I employ so much about my time in writing to you, I confess, I have my doubts whether it is to my purpose. I know how un welcome advice generally is----
-------From Lord Chesterfield’s Letter to His Son.
10. The government has no option but to proclaim an emergency under the compelling circumstances of repeated acts of violence, sabotage and destruction.
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4th year
Translation Course
Translation Exercises (Chinese-English)(I)
翻译的定义
翻译是指把一种语言文字的意义转换成另一种语言文字。简言之，翻译是一种用不同的语言文字将原文作者的思想准确地再现出来的艺术。从以上翻译定义我们知道，原文的思想必须尽可能得到保持，不可有所增删。译者的任务只是转换文字而不是改变意思。因此，翻译有两种要素：准确性与表达性。准确性是翻译的首要条件。译者必须谨慎地遵循原作者的意思，所选用的字词和句式结构必须如实地传达原文的意思。表达性是让译文易于理解。换言之，译者必须用自己的手段尽可能地将原文的思想清楚而有力地表达出来。准确性使译出的思想明确无误，而表达性则使译文生动，具有魅力。 Notes and Expressions
1、 转换：to convert; to transfer; to change. 此处最好用一个名词结构 the conversion of，以保持与主语“翻译”的结构一致。 2、简言之：I short; in brief, to say it plainly 3、准确地再现：reproduce exactly
4、尽可能得到保持：be kept as far as possible
5、不可有所增删：nothing should be added or to be taken away from 6、要素：essential elements
7、首要条件：the first indispensable quality
8、谨慎地遵循原作者的意思：cautiously stick to the author’s idea 9、换言之：in other words
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4th year
Translation Course
Translation Exercises (English-Chinese)(VIII)
Beginnings are apt to be shadowy, and so it is with the beginnings of that great mother of life, the sea. Many people have debated how and when the earth got its ocean, and it is not surprising that their explanations do not always agree. For the plain and the inescapable truth is that no one was there to see, and in the absence of eye-witness accounts there is bound to be a certain amount of disagreement. So I tell here the story of how the young planet Earth acquired an ocean, it must be a story pieced together from many sources and containing whole chapters the details of which we can only imagine. The story is founded on the testimony of the earth’s most ancient rocks, which were young when the earth was young; on other evidence written on the face of the earth’s satellite, the moon; and on hints contained in the history of the sun and the whole universe of star-filled space. For although no man was there to witness this cosmic birth, the stars and the moon and the rocks were there, and indeed, had much to do with the fact that there is an ocean.
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