2018届二轮复习 虚拟语气在短文语法填空中考查指导
一、虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的应用
[自主练悟]
单句语法填空/单句改错
①(2017·北京高考改编)If the new safety system had_been_put (put) to use, the accident would never have happened.
②(2017·天津高考改编)—Do you have Betty’s phone number? —Yes.Otherwise, I wouldn’t_have_been (not be) able to reach her yesterday.
③(2017·银川一中二模)If you had planted it in a good place, at least someone would_have_enjoyed (enjoy) the fruit. ④(2015·四川高考)If you are me, would you talk to them？are→were
[谨记规律]
虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的应用 类别 与现在事实相反 从句谓语动词 过去式(be用were) 主句谓语动词 should/would/could/ might＋动词原形 与过去事实相反 had＋过去分词 should/would/could/ might＋have＋过去分词 过去式(be用were) 与将来事实相should＋动词原should/would/could/ might＋动词原反 形 were to＋动词原形 有时条件句的动作与主句动作发生的时间不一致，这时动词的形式应根据它们各自表示的时间加以调整。 有时假设的情况不以条件从句表达，而是用but for, without等介词(短语)表示条件。 ①用连词otherwise, or等暗示后文与前面的情况相反，从而引出后文的虚拟语气。 错综虚实句 ②虚拟条件通过but暗示出来，模式为“虚拟情况＋but＋真实情况”。 二、虚拟语气在其他从句中的应用
[自主练悟]
单句语法填空/单句改错
①(2015·天津高考改编)I wish I had_been_ (be) at my sister’s wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then.
形 混合条件句 含蓄条件句 ②(2014·陕西高考改编)We would rather our daughter stayed (stay) at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.
③(2017·潍坊中学模拟)It is time I did/should_do (do) something in return for their love.
④(2017·肇庆市模拟)He was still running with a smile on his face, as if nothing_had_happened (happen)．
⑤(2017·银川一中二模)I suggest that our school must take measures to encourage more students to take part in sports.must→should或去掉must
[谨记规律]
虚拟语气在其他从句中的应用 1．wish后面的宾语从句：
(1)表示与现在事实相反，从句用一般过去时； (2)表示与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时；
(3)表示与将来事实相反，从句用would/could＋动词原形。 2．would rather后面的宾语从句：
(1)表示与现在或将来事实相反时从句用一般过去时； (2)表示与过去事实相反时从句用过去完成时。
3．表示主张、命令、建议、要求等词后的宾语从句和同位语从句常用“should＋动词原形”结构，should可省略。
4．定语从句：
It’s (high/about) time (that) ...句型中，从句的谓语动词用一般过去时或should＋动词原形(其中should不可省略)，意为“确实到了……的时候了”。
5．as if引导的状语从句中：
(1)表示与现在事实相反用一般过去时； (2)表示与过去事实相反用过去完成时。
[题组练通] Ⅰ.单句语法填空/单句改错
1．I should not have laughed if I had_thought (think) you were serious.
2．I would have_gone (go) to my cousin’s birthday party last night, but I was not available.
3．We often hear that children wish they were (be) grown-ups, and that old people wish to be young.
4．The teacher demanded that the homework (should)_be_finished (finish) by Friday.
5．Don’t handle the vase as if it were (be) made of steel. 6．(2017·本溪市模拟)Some players insist that their employers (should)_sign (sign) a contract stating that they will not have to move for a certain number of years.
7．(2017·九江市模拟)However, I suggest that you chose to study in the east, because there are many international students there and the tuition is lower.chose→choose 8．(2017·蚌埠市模拟)However, it’s high time that immediate measures must be taken.must→should
Ⅱ.单句写作
1．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)我希望你能抓住这次机会更进一步地学习中国传统文化。
I wish that you_could_grasp_this_opportunity_to_learn traditional Chinese culture further.
2．(2015·四川高考书面表达)为了掌握普通话，我强烈建议你找中国人进行练习。
To master Mandarin, I strongly_suggest_you_(should)_practice with Chinese people.
3．第二，如果我是你，我会在傍晚和朋友一起散步。
Secondly, if_I_were_you,_I_would_take_a_walk in the evening with my friends.
4．童年的一切一下子涌入我的大脑，仿佛刚刚发生似的。
Everything in my childhood crowed upon my mind
as_if_they_had_just_happened. 5．是我们该采取措施与经济领域的犯罪作斗争的时候了。 It’s_high_time_that_we_took/should_take_measures to fight against crimes in the economic field.
