毕业设计(论文)任务书
Ⅰ、毕业设计(论文)题目
汽车点火系统常见故障诊断与排除
Ⅱ、毕业设计(论文)选题意义及要求
点火系是汽油发动机非常重要的一个系统,其作用是在压缩行程终了,向火花塞提供点火高压,点燃汽缸内的可燃混合气。点火高压必须准时、可靠,适应发动机的不同工况。点火系已经历了传统触点式点火系统、半导体辅助点火系统、普通电子点火系统、微机控制点火系统、微机控制无分电器直接点火系统5个阶段,目前在用汽车中各种点火系统都存在,以普通点火系统保有量最大。若点火系出现故障或技术状况不佳,将会导致发动机动力性及经济性下降、排放指标、起动困难甚至无法起动。
Ⅲ、毕业设计(论文)工作内容和进度安排
(1)查找相关参考书或其他资料,获取本设计所需的知识; (2)明确了撰写毕业论文的基本格式; (3)搜索资料;讲解汽车点火系统组成; (4)汽车点火系统工作原理;
(5) 汽车点火系统常见故障诊断与排除。
Ⅳ、主要参考资料
1. 于春鹏. 点火系统——汽车专业维修培训丛书,化学工业出版社,2005
2. 朱建柳,汽车点火系维修;上海科学技术出版社,2007
3.林学东,王霆.车用发动机电子控制技术;机械工业出版社,2008 4.姚国平,舒华. 21世纪汽车电工. 北京理工大学出版,2005
5.孙仁云,付百学. 汽车电器与电子技术. 机械工业出版社,2006; 6.上网搜索和汽车杂志
汽车工程系 教学系 汽车电子技术 专业 200923112 班 学生姓名(学号) 姬雪源 20092311231 毕业设计(论文)时间: 自 年 月 日至 年 月 日 答辩时间: 年 月 日 成绩 指导教师: 张永新
摘 要
摘 要
汽车点火系统是点燃式发动机为了正常工作,用于提供点火能量和控制各个气缸点火顺序、点火时刻的装置。
早期的机械式有触点点火系统、无触点晶体管点火系统,目前已经发展为先进的电子控制点火系统。
机械式点火系统工作过程是由曲轴带动分电器轴转动,分电器轴上的凸轮转动,使点火线圈次级触点接通与闭合而产生高压电。
这个点火高压电通过分电器轴上的分火头,根据发动机工作要求按顺序送到各个气缸的火花塞上,火花塞发出电火花点燃燃烧室内的气体。分电器壳体可以手动转动来调节基本的点火提前角(即怠速运转时的点火提前角),同时还有真空提前装置,它根据进气管内真空度的变化提供不同的提前角。
电子点火系统与机械式点火系统完全不同,它有一个点火用电子控制装置,内部有发动机在各种工况下所需的点火控制曲线图(MAP图)。通过一系列传感器如发动机转速传感器、进气管真空度传感器(发动机负荷传感器)、节气门位置传感器、曲轴位置传感器等来判断发动机的工作状态,在MAP图上找出发动机在此工作状态下所需的点火提前角,按此要求进行点火。然后根据爆震传感器信号对上述点火要求进行修正,使发动机工作在最佳点火时刻。
电子点火系统也有闭环控制与开环控制之分:带有爆震传感器,能根据发动机是否发生爆震及时修正点火提前角的电控系统称为闭环控制系统;不带爆震传感器,点火提前控制仅根据电控单元内设定的程序控制的称为开环控制系统。
关键词::点火系统;工作原理;电子点火;机械点火
I
北京信息职业技术学院毕业论文
Abstract
Automotive ignition system is the spark ignition engines in order to work properly, used to provide ignition energy and control of each cylinder firing order, firing time device.
The early mechanical ignition system with contacts, non-contact transistor ignition system has now been developed into an advanced electronic control ignition system.
Working process of mechanical ignition system distributor driven by the crank shaft rotation, distributor cam rotation axis, so that the ignition coil secondary contact connected with the closure arising from high-voltage.
The ignition high-voltage electrical axis through the sub-sub-flame, according to the engine work requirements in the order sent to each cylinder spark plug, the spark plug issue of spark ignited combustion chamber gases. Distributor housing can be manually turned to adjust the basic ignition advance angle, but also a vacuum advance unit, which operates under a vacuum inside the intake manifold to provide different degree of changes in advance angle.
Electronic ignition system and mechanical ignition system is entirely different, it has an electronic ignition control unit, the inside has the engine in a variety of operating conditions required for ignition control curve (MAP chart). Through a series of sensors, such as engine speed sensors, intake manifold vacuum sensor (engine load sensor), throttle position sensor, crankshaft position sensor to determine the engine's working condition, in the MAP map to find out the engine in this work required for state the ignition advance angle, click here to request ignition. Then according to the above-mentioned ignition knock sensor signal asking for an amendment to make the engine work in the best moment of ignition.
Electronic ignition system also has the closed-loop control and open-loop control points: with a knock sensor, according to the engine knock has occurred in time they adjust the ignition advance angle of the electronic control system known as the closed-loop control system; without a knock sensor, ignition advance control electronic control unit based solely on process control set called open-loop control system.
Keywords: Ignition system; working principle; electronic ignition, mechanical ignition