——最专业的中小学教学资源共享平台
small
A. a; a B. the; the C. a; the D. the; a 12. There' s _____ dictionary on _____ desk by your side. A, a; the B. a; a C. the; a D. the; the 13. ---Where is my blue shirt?
---It' s in the washing machine. You have to wear _____ different one. A. any B. the C. a D. other
14. The sign reads \ A. /; a B. /; the C. the; the D. a; a
15. I earn 10 dollars _____ hour as _____ supermarket cashier on Saturdays. A. a; an B. the; a C. an; a D. an; the *2006全国各省市高考试卷中的冠词试题: 1．(全国卷I）30.-Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith? -Sorry, wrong number. There isn't______ Mr. Smith here. A. 不填 B. a C. the D. one
2．(全国卷2)19. I know you don't like _______ music very much. But what do you think of _______ music in the film we saw yesterday? A. /; / B. the; the C. the; / D. /; the
3．(北京卷)26. --- I knocked over my coffee cup. It went right over ______ keyboard. --- You shouldn't put drinks near ________ computer. A. the; 不填 B. the; a C. a; 不填 D. a; a
4．(重庆卷)25.Everywhere man has cut down _______ forests in order to grow crops，or to use ______ wood as fuel or as building material. A. the; the B. the;/ C./；the D./；/
5．(辽宁卷)21.Of all reasons for my decision to become a university professor, my father's advice was most important one. A. the; a B.不填；a C.不填;the D. the; the
6．(陕西卷)15.According to _________World Health Organization, health care plans are needed in all big cities to prevent _________ spread of AIDS. A. the;不填 B. the; the C. a; a D.不填;the
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——最专业的中小学教学资源共享平台
7．(湖南卷)22.In___________ review of 44 studies, American researchers found that men and women who ate six key foods daily cut the risk of ___________ heart disease by 76%. A. a; the B. the; a C. a;不填 D.不填;a
8．(浙江卷)3. Don't worry if you can't come to _____ party. --- I'll save _____ cake for you.(+代词)
A. the ; some B. a ; much C. the ; any D. a ; little
9．(山东卷)21. For him ____ stage is just ___ means of making a living. A. a; a B. the; a C. the ; the D. a; the Keys: 1-5 BDBCD BCAB 二.名词 ▲一、考点聚焦
1.可数名词单、复数变化形式 （1）规则变化。
①单数名词词尾直接加-s。如：boy - boys, pen - pens。
②以s、x 、ch 、sh结尾的单词一般加-es。如：glass - glasses,box- boxes, watch - watches, brush - brushes。
特例：stomach - stomaches。
③以\辅音字母 + y\结尾的变\为\再加\。如： baby - babies, lady - ladies, fly - flies。
④以\结尾的多数加-es。如：tomato - tomatoes, potato - potatoes, hero - heroes。但以两个元音字母结尾的名词和部分外来词中以o结尾的词只加-s。 如：radio - radios, zoo - zoos, photo - photos, piano - pianos, kilo - kilos, tobacco - tobaccos。
⑤以\或\结尾的名词复数形式变\或\为\，之后再加-es。如：wife - wives, life - lives, knife - knives, wolf- wolves, self - selves, leaf - leaves等。特例：handkerchief- handkerchiefs, roof - roofs, chief - chiefs, gulf - gulfs, belief - beliefs, cliff - cliffs。 ⑥改变元音字母的。如：man - men, mouse - mice, foot - feet,
woman - women, tooth - teeth, goose - geese, ox - oxen。特例：child - children。
⑦复合名词的复数形式。（A）在复合词中最后名词尾加-s。如：armchair - armchairs, bookcase - bookcases, bookstore - book-
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stores。（B）man和woman作定语修饰另一个名词时，前后两个名词都要变成复数。如：man doctor - men doctors, woman driver - women dri-
vers。（C）与介词或副词一起构成的复合名词应在主体名词部分加-s。如：brother-in-law - brothers-in-law, passer-by - passers-by。
⑧有的名词有两种复数形式。如：zero - zeros 、zeroes, deer -
deers 、deer。penny的两种复数形式含义有所不同。如：pence（便士的钱数），pennies(便士的枚数)。 （2）不规则变化。
①单、复数同形。如：means, aircraft, deer, fish, Chinese, Japanese, sheep, works（工厂）,cattle。
②合成名词的复数。如：boy-friend - boy-friends, go-between- go-betweens(中间人)，grown-up - grown-ups。
③有些名词通常只用作复数。如：glasses眼镜，clothes衣服，goods
货物，trousers裤子，belongings所有物,wages工资，riches财富, surroundings环境，ashes灰尘, campasses圆规，cattle家畜，congratulations祝贺，have words with sb. 同某人吵架，in high spirits以很高热情地，give one's regards to sb.向某人问侯，in rags衣衫破烂，It is good manners to do sth.有礼貌做某事。
④集体名词的数。有些集体名词通常只用作复数，如：people,
cattle, police; 有些名词只用作单数，如：machinery, furniture, mankind, jewellery;有些名词既可用作单数又可用作复数，单数看做整体，复数看做集体的各个成员。如：The crew is large.船员人数很多（指整体）；The crew are all tired.船员们都累坏了（个体）。 2、不可数名词的数
（1）一般说来抽象名词为不可数名词，但当抽象名词表示具体的东西时，可用作可数名词且词义发生变化，主要类型如下：
①抽象名词表示具有某种特性、状态、感情情绪的人或事。如： 抽象名词（不可数） 具体化（个体名词，可数名词） in surprise惊讶地 a surprise一件令人惊讶的事 win success获得成功 a success一个(件)成功的人(事) win honor赢得荣誉 an honor一个(件)引以为荣的(事) Failure(失败)is the mother of success a failure失败者
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失败是成功之母。
by experience靠经验 an experience一次经历 youth青春 a youth一个青年人 have pity on sb.怜悯某人 a pity可惜的事情 with pleasure乐意 a pleasure乐事
②抽象名词与a(an)连用，淡化了抽象概念，转化为似乎可以体验到的动作、行为或类别。如：
A knowledge of English is a must in international trade. Would you like to have a walk(swim, bath, talk)with me? It is waste of time reading such a novel.
She made an apology to her mother for her wrong doings.
(2)物质名词是不可数名词，但表示数量或种类之多时，可以用作可数名词。如： ①物质名词有形或数的相应物体，有单、复数。如：some coffee一些咖啡，a coffee一杯咖啡，three coffees三杯咖啡，some drink一些饮料, a drink一杯饮料，three drinks三杯饮料，his hair他的头发，a few grey hairs几根白发，glass玻璃，a glass一只玻璃杯。 ②物质名词有前置后置修饰时，前面要使用不定冠词。 have breakfast The road is covered with snow.
have a wonderful breakfast They have a heavy snow every year. Time and tide wait for no man. We had a wonderful time last night. (3)有复数形式的不可数名词
①有些抽象名词往往以复数形式出现，起到一种丰富语言感情色彩或强调某种特殊状态的作用。如：
Use your brains, please.
They have smoothed away the difficulties.
Have you made preparations for tomorrow's meeting? Many thanks for your kindness. No pains, no gains.
After many failures, they finally succeeded.
②有些物质名词以复数形式出现，表示数量之多，范围之广。如：
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The boy burst into tears at the bad news. The rising waters did a lot of harm to the crops. The stone bridge broke down in heavy rains. 3.名词所有格
（1）\所有格的特殊表示形式有：
3 用于表示时间、距离、价格、重量等的名词后，如：today's newspaper,five minutes'walk(drive),five pounds'weight, tend ollars'worth of coffee。
②用于表示国家、世界、城市等地方的名词后。如：the earth's planet, the word's population, China's industry, New York's parks。 （2）\所有格的特殊表示方式有：
①表示\部分\时，一般在所修饰的名词前有一个表示数量的词（a、two、several、some、no、many等），如：Some students of Mister Zhang's have gone to college.张老师的一些学生已经上大学了。
②表示\其中之一，其中一部分\的意思时，用：a friend of Tom's 汤姆的一个朋友（许多朋友中的一位）。
③表示赞扬、批评或厌恶等感情色彩时，应该用：that/this/these/ those + 名词（单、复数）of Mary's/yours/his/hers。如：
That invention of hers belongs to the world. 她的那项发明是属于全世界的（表赞赏）。 4、名词作定语
英语中有些名词没有其对应的同根形容词，这些名词可以直接用来作定语修饰另一个名词。 （1）分类意义。
air pollution 空气污染 boy friend 男朋友 coffee cup咖啡杯 income tax所得税 tennis ball网球 song writer歌曲作家 body language身体语言 road accident交通事故 Nobel Prize诺贝尔奖 （2）时间、地点、称呼等。
Doctor Jack杰克医生 Professor Li李教授 evening school夜校 winter sleep冬眠
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