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乳动物，很多生理机能都相同。
5. B。主旨题。短文第 1 句 Motherhood may make women smarter 是主题句，据此我们可以得出答案。
(5)
To get cash out in the 21st century, you won’t need a bank card, a PIN(个人识别编号) or even have to move a finger. You will simply have to look the cash machine straight in the eye, declares National Cash Registers, a multinational company that makes automated teller machines, or ATMs. NCR has shown its first example machine that is believed to be the future of banking. Instead of asking you for your PIN on a screen, the Super Teller-Stella for short, asks you orally through a loudspeaker to look straight ahead while an infrared camera turns to your head, then your eye, and finally takes an infrared photograph of your iris(虹膜). For identification(识别) purposes, an iris picture is better than a fingerprint, with around 256 noticeable characteristics compared with 40 for fingerprints. This means that the chances of someone else being recognized in your place is about 1 in 1020. Once you’ve been identified, Stella greets you by name and says: “Would you like cash or a statement?” An infrared port allows the machine to send a bank statement straight to your pocket computer.
1. What does this passage mainly talk about? A. A new medical instrument B. A new type of talking machine. C. A new type of cash machine. D. National Cash Register 2. What is this new machine called? A. Stella
B. ATM
C. PIN
D. NCR
3. When you want to get cash out in the 21st century, you will _______. A. need a bank card C. move your finger
B. have to put in your PIN
D. just look directly at the teller machine
【答案解析】本文介绍了自动取款机的新型的识别储户方法。
1. C。主旨题。阅读全文可知本文介绍的是新型取款机的设计原理及工作方式，故选 C。 2. A。细节题。根据 Instead of asking you for your PIN on a screen, the Super Teller-Stella for short, asks you orally… 及 Once you’ve been identified, Stella greets you by name and says… 可知答案为 A。
3. D。细节题。根据 To get cash out in the 21st century, you won’t need a bank card, a PIN or even have to move a finger. You will simply have to look the cash machine straight in the eye,…可知仅仅径直看着取款机就可以了，故选答案 D。
(6)
Weather changes when the temperature and the amount of water in the atmosphere change. We can see and feel water coming from the atmosphere when we have rain. But the water must somehow get back to the atmosphere. Meteorologists call this the water cycle.
There are many stages in the water cycle. Rain falls when water vapour in clouds condenses(凝结). Drops of water form and fall to the ground. The water soaks into the ground and feeds streams and rivers. A lot of rain falls into the sea. The heat of the sun evaporates some of the
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water in the ground and in the rivers, lakes, and the sea. It changes the liquid water into water vapour. The vapour rises onto the air. Water vapour is normally invisible. On a very damp or humid day, however, you can sometimes see water vapour rising from a puddle(水坑) or pond in a mist(薄雾) above the water. Water vapour also gets into the air from living things. Trees and other plants take in water through their roots and give off water vapour from their leaves. People and land animals drink water and breathe out water vapour. In all these ways the water returns to the air. There it gathers to form clouds and condenses to form rain. The rain falls to earth, and the cycle starts again. It continues even if snow or hail(冰雹) fall instead because both eventually melt to form water. The amount of water vapour in the air depends on the temperature. The air is more moist(潮湿) in the tropics(热带) than in the cold polar regions.
1. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Water cycle.
B. Water vapour.
C. How rain forms. D. Water, vapour, rain.
2. How many ways of the water returning to the air are discussed in the text? A. Two.
B. Three. C. Four. D. Five.
3. Whether water vapour can be seen or not depends on _______. A. how much water is evaporated B. how good your eyes are C. in which way water is evaporated D. climate or weather 4. From the passage we get to know _______.
A. there is more water vapour in the air in the tropics than in cold polar regions B. there is more water vapour in the air in cold polar region than in the tropics C. it gets more rain in the tropics than in cold polar regions because there is less vapour D. the amount of water vapour in the air depends on how often it rains 【答案与解析】本文阐述了水循环的全过程。
1. A。主旨题。文章第1段，特别是最后一句Meteorologists call this the water cycle. 已点明主题。
2. B。判断题。读完第2段，不难发现水返回空中的方式有3种：第1种是太阳蒸发地面上的水使之变成水蒸气返回空中；第2种是树和植物释放出的水蒸气；第3种是人和动物呼出的水蒸气。
3. D。语义理解题。从第2段第9句话On a very damp or humid day, however, you can sometimes see water vapour rising from a puddle(水坑) or pond in a mist(薄雾) above the water. 可以找到为什么。
4. A。判断题。根据最后一句话The air is more moist(潮湿) in the tropics(热带) than in the cold polar regions 可知答案。
(7)
Technology is the application(应用) of knowledge to production. Thanks to modern technology, we have been able to increase greatly the efficiency of our work force. New machines and new methods have helped cut down time and expense while increasing overall output. This has meant more production and a higher standard of living. For most of us in America, modern technology is thought of as the reason why we can have cars and television sets. However, technology has also increased the amount of food available to us, by means of modern farming machinery and animal breeding techniques, and has extended our life span via(通过) medical
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technology.
Will mankind continue to live longer and have a higher quality of life? In large measure the answer depends on technology and our ability to use it widely. If we keep making progress as we have over the past fifty years, the answer is definitely yes. The advancement of technology depends upon research and development, and the latest statistics(统计) show that the United States is continuing to pump billions of dollars annually(每年) into such efforts. So while we are running out of some scarce resources(少的资源) we may well find technological substitutes(代用品)for many of them through our research programs.
Therefore, in the final analysis the three major factors of production(land, labor and capital) are all influenced by technology. When we need new skills, on techniques in medicine, people will start developing new technology to meet those needs. As equipment proves to be slow or inefficient, new machines will be invented. Technology responds to our needs in helping us maintain our standard of living.
1. What is the best title for the passage? A. The definition of technology
B. Modern technology
D. The development of technology
C. The application of technology
2. Which is the main idea of the passage?
A. Modern technology is the key to the improvement of standard of living.
B. The three major factors of production (land, labor and capital) are all influenced by technology.
C. Technology is the response to our needs.
D. The United States is making great efforts to advance its technology. 3. According to the passage, people can live a long life with the help of _______. A. higher quality of life
B. medical technology
D. technological substitute
C. modern farming machinery
【答案与解析】“科学技术是生产力”是这篇文章的主题。
1. B。主旨题。文章的主要笔墨是用在科学技术的作用上，所以答案应选B。 2. A。主旨题。文章最后一句Technology responds to our needs in helping us maintain our standard of living 就是主题句。
3. B。判断题。从文章第2段第2句话…the answer depends on technology and our ability to use it widely 可以肯定答案选B。
(8)
Space travel is definitely bad for astronauts’ bones, reducing their bone density(密度) after only a month of weightlessness, according to French research published on Friday.
Laurence Vico and his fellow workers at St Etienne University called for more research into the effects of microgravity, after their study of 15 astronauts from the Russian MIR station showed bone loss continued throughout space flights.
“Bone loss was especially striking in four astronauts, ” the scientists reported in the Lancet Medical Journal.
They measured the bone mineral density (BMD) of bones in the forearm(前臂) and lower leg of the astronauts who had spent one to six months in space.
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The BMD loss was significant in the tibia(胫骨) of the lower leg, a weight-bearing bone, but barely changed in the radius(桡骨) of the forearm. “Our results indicate the need to investigate not only different bones, but also different areas of the same bone since not all sites of the skeleton (骨架) are similarly affected by space conditions, ” they added.
Without gravity the body isn’t bearing any weight so there is no need for calcium (钙) which makes bones strong, and it becomes empty into the bloodstream.
The research team suggested in future scientists should try to determine if the loss of bone density was only on weight-bearing bones on longer flights, also the possible recovery after returning to Earth.
1. French scientists did their research on Russian astronauts, because _______. A. they only cared for the Russian astronauts B. they were not interested in their own astronauts C. the Russian government invited them to do their research D. the Russian astronauts worked in space for a long time 2. Scientists have found that _______.
A. the BMD loss may cause serious illness to astronauts B. the BMD loss may cause some change in astronauts’ bodies C. astronauts shouldn’t care about the BMD loss
D. astronauts should take some calcium before space travel
3. What cause the BMD loss to astronauts, according to this passage? A. The food they eat in space. C. The temperature in space. A. unusual (1—4 DBDA)
【答案与解析】本文介绍了法国对太空宇航员长期在太空飞行，会使骨里的密度减少而对骨不利的研究。
1. D。细节题。根据文章第4段的定语从句who had spent one to six months in space可推知此题答案为D。
2. B。细节题。根据文章第5段第1句The BMD loss was significant in the tibia(胫骨) of the lower leg, a weight-bearing bone可推知此题答案为B。
3. D。细节题。根据文章第6段Without gravity…所引起的结果，可推知此题答案为D。 4. A。词义猜测题。上文提到对十五人进行研究表明在整个航行过程中骨损在继续，下文再说especially striking，可知是“特别明显”的事，因此选A。
(9)
Some spiders hunt on the ground, others build webs to trap their food, but the grass water spider catches its prey by running along the surface of the water.
This special water spider lives on the grassy banks of streams where mosquitoes, damsel flies and other insects come to feed and breed.
Although it is one of the largest spiders in New Zealand, it has an unusual ability. It doesn’t disturb the water as it waits for its meal, and there is barely a ripple(波纹) when it skims(掠过) across the surface at lightning speed to catch its prey.
B. The drinks they take in space. D. The gravity in space. C. weak
D. slow
4. In the third paragraph, the word “striking” means ______.
B. simple
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Grass water spiders deal swiftly with larger insects like damsel flies by pulling their heads under the water and holding them there until they drown.
After a meal, the grass water spider spends up to half an hour grooming(修饰) itself. It wipes its eight eyes, brushes its antennae(触角), and takes special care to clean the hairs on its body.
It is the hairs that trap tiny bubbles(泡沫) of air so that the spider can run down a blade(叶片) of grass and stay underwater for up to an hour when it is frightened. The hairs also keep the spider dry, even underwater.
It is only when the female spider is caring for the young that she does not hunt on the water. After mating, she produces a large egg sac(囊), which she carries around for five weeks. Once the eggs start to hatch, she attaches the sac to some blades of grass or a thistle. She then tears the sac open and releases the tiny spiders into the nursery web.
1. How does the grass water spider kill its prey? A. in a web
B. by drowning
C. by poisoning D. with its antennae B. it has eight eyes
D. of the way it produces its young
2. the writer describes the special spider as “special” because _______. A. it walks on water C. of its hairy appearance
3. The passage tells us that the spider ______. A. feeds grass and thistles to its young. B. lives on blades of grass under the water C. lives in the grass on the banks of streams D. eats a meal once every five weeks 4. The purpose of the passage is to _______. A. convince readers that spiders are dangerous B. indicate that the grass water spider is endangered C. list all of the spiders that can be found in New Zealand D. describe the characteristics of the grass water spider (1—4 BACD)
【答案与解析】本文介绍了一种水蜘蛛的生活情况。
1. B。细节题。根据文章第4段描述by pulling their heads under the water and holding them there until they drown.可推知此题答案为B。
2. A。细节题。根据文章第1段后面的并列分句by running along the surface of the water.可推知此题答案为A。
3. C。细节题。根据文章第2段第1句This special water spider lives on the grassy banks of streams可推知此题答案为C。
4. D。主旨题。主文主要介绍了这种水蜘蛛的生活情况，由此可知作者的目的是要读者了解水蜘蛛的特征，所以选D。
(10)
Perhaps the most famous theory, the study of body movement, was suggested by Professor Ray Birdwhistell. He believes that physical appearance is often culturally programmed. In other words, we learn our looks—we are not born with them. A baby has generally informed face features. A baby, according to Birdwhistell, learns where to set the eyebrows by looking at those around-family and friends. This helps explain why the people of some areas of the United States
