华东师范大学2009年基础英语考研真题 Section Ⅰ:Words and Phrase
Choose the most suitable word to complete each sentence. (45 points total in this section with 3 points for each item)
1.A full-size tripod is far too ＿＿to carry around .I find this pocket-sized one is much handier.
A. overweight B. inept C. unwieldy D. outsize
2.Many diseases that used to be considered＿＿of mankind are now easily treatable with antibiotics.
A. scourges B. blights C. tortures D. thorns
3. She knows she needs exercise, but finds going to the gym a＿＿. A. job B. toil C. work D. chore
4.The special effects were quiet good , but that＇s more than could be＿＿for the acting.
A. mentioned B. spoken C. said D. told
５．There has been s great deal of＿＿surrounding the closure of the hospital.
A. discrepancy B. combat C. disparity D. controversy
6.There are a ＿＿reason why a patient might decide not to consult a doctor.
A. crowd B. multitude C. deluge D. horde
7.There are some safety＿＿in connection with the new building that still need to be addressed.
A. worries B. cares C. troubles D. concerns
8.If you don＇t eat fruit and vegetables, you may suffer from a vitamin＿＿.
A. shortage B. insufficiency C. deficiency D. defect 9.Some actors suffer from stage＿＿before every performance.
A. fright B. fear C. anxiety D. panic
10.After the earthquake, the entrance hall was turned into a ＿＿casualty ward.
A. mainstay B. makeshift C. piecework D. wayside
11.The sun＿＿behind the mountain, giving the whole sky a rosy glow. A. lay B. settle C. set D. tumbled
12.It＇s a ＿＿for decent jobs these days, so you need every qualification you can get.
A. scramble B. jumble C. jostle D. flurry
13.The artist＇s use of swirls of＿＿colors conveys a sense of excitement. A. vigorous B. drastic C. vibrant D. strident
14.There is＿＿pressure on the minister responsible for the disaster to resign.
A. intense B. compulsive C. sturdy D. prevailing 15.It＇s a modern city, full of＿＿tower block. A. rising B. heaving C. ascending D. soaring SectionⅡ:Error Correction
Read the extract and the ten mistakes. (30 points total with 3 for each item)
A Review
Organized by the national gallery of Scotland on collaboration with the royal academy of arts, Rembrandt＇s Women was first been acclaimed by the critics, at its opening this summer in Edinburgh. Do not expect the emotional impact from his best-known masterpieces such like “The Anatomy Lesson of Dr Nicola＇s Tulp”: rather , the exhibition is valued for bringing under the spotlight the fascinating intertwining of private life and artistic matter in Rembrandt＇s portrayals of women.
The exhibition is the first to focus in the subject of Rembrandt＇s depiction of womankind, and feature a total 141 drawings, etchings and paintings, ranging from mythological or biblical subjects up to intimate
portrayals. At chronological order, we see the development of Rembrandt＇s sensitive and perceptive depiction of women with it＇s unparalleled blend of universal and personal elements. If, on the one hand, his realism, inspired by Caravaggio, shocked contemporaries because of this refusal of classical standards of idealized beauty, in the other hand the influence from Titian and Carracci＇s classicism are clear. Section Ⅲ:Reading Comprehension
You will read an excerpt from Room with a View by E.M. Forster. Read and answer the questions that fallow. (35points total in this section with 5 for each item)
A passionate musician
It so happened that Lucy, who found daily life rather chaotic, enter a more solid world when she opened the piano. She was then no longer either deferential or patronizing; no longer either a rebel or a slave. The kingdom of music is not the kingdom of this world; it will accept those whom breeding and intellect and culture have alike rejected. The commonplace person begins to play, and shoots into the empyrean without effort, whilst we look up, marveling how he has escaped us, and thinking how we could worship him and love him would he but translate his visions into human actions. Perhaps he cannot; certainly he does not, or does so very seldom. Lucy had done so never.
She was no dazzling execultante; nor was she the passionate young lady, who performs so tragically on a summer’s evening with the window open. Passion was there, but it could not be easily labeled. And she was tragical only in the sense that she was great, for she loved to play on the side of Victory. Victory of what and over what-that is more than the words of daily life can tell us. But that some sonatas of Beethoven are written tragic no one can gainsay; yet they can triumph or despair as the player decides, and Lucy had decided that they should triumph.
A very wet afternoon at the Pension Bertolini permitted her to do the thing she had really like, and after lunch she opened –the little draped piano. A few people lingered round and praised her playing, but find it that she made no reply, dispersed to their rooms to write up their diaries or to sleep. She took no notice of Mr. Emerson looking for his son, nor of Miss Bartlett looking for Miss Lavish, nor Miss Lavish looking for her book. Like every true performer, she was intoxicated by the mere feel of the notes.
Mr. Beebe, sitting unnoticed in the window, pondered over this illogical element in Lucy Honeychurch, and recalled the occasion at Tunbridge Well when he had discovered it. It was at one of the those entertainments where the upper classes entertain the lower. The seats were filled with a respectful audience, and the Indies and gentlemen of this parish, under the auspices of their vicar, sang, or recited, or imitated the drawing of a champagne cork. Among the promised items was ‘Miss Honeychurch. Piano. Beethoven’, and Mr. Deebe was wondering whether it would be ‘Adelaida’, or the march of ‘The Ruins of Athens’, when his composure was disturbed by the opening bars of Opus Ⅲ. He was in suspense all through the introduction for not until the pace quickens dose one know what the performer intends. With the roar of the opening theme he knew that things were going extraordinary; in the chords that herald the conclusion he heard the hammer strokes of victory. He was glad that she only played the first movement, for he could have paid no attention to the winding intricacies of the measure of nine-sixteen. The audience clapped, no less respectful. It was Mr. Bebee who started the stamping; it was all that one could do.
“Who is she?” he asked the vicar afterwards.
‘ Cousin of one of my parishioner. I do not consider of her choice of a piece happy Beethoven is so usually simple and direct in his appeal that
it is sheer perversity to choose a thing like that , which, if anything disturbs.’
When he was introduced, Mr. Beebe realized that Miss Honeychurch, disjoined from her music-stool, was only a young lady with a very pretty, pale, underdeveloped face. She loved going to concerts, she love stopping with her cousin, she loved iced coffee and meringues. But before he left Tunbridge Wells he made a remark to the vicar, which he now made to Lucy herself when she closed the little piano and moved dreamily towards him. ‘ If Miss Honeyvhurch ever takes to live as she plays, it will be exciting—both for us and for her.’
Select the best answers to the question or complete to sentences. 1. In the first paragraph we told that _______.
A. one needs to reject worldly pleasure to truly develop musical
talent
B. music is sometimes regarded as a substitute for creation C. there is often a mismatch between great musical talent and
ordinary life
D. it is amazing how great an effect music tends to have on our lives 2. Lucy’s piano playing______.
A. displayed a mixture of strong feelings B. tended to be rather melodramatic
C. failed to capture the tragic nature of some music D. was marred by some inaccuracies
3. When she played at the Pension Bertolini, Lucy ______. A. wished she could play better B. asked to be left alone C. resented being interrupted D. was engrossed in the music
4. What did Mr. Beebe realize at the entertainment he remembers at
Tunbridge Wells?
A. That the vicar had vetted the contributions B. That Lucy had a special musical talent
C. That Lucy’s was the only performance of any value D. That the audience were duty-bound to show appreciation 5. What surprised Mr. Beebe when he heard Lucy at Tunbridge Wells? A. Lug’s choice of composer
B. The way the opening theme developed C. Lucy’s choice of piece
D. The fact that Lucy didn’t play more of the work 6. What was the vicar’s attitude to the music Lucy played? A. It was daring. B. It was offensive. C. It was too difficult. D. It was unsuitable.
7. Wheat was Mr. Beebe’s reaction when he met Lucy? A. He was pleased that she enjoyed simple pleasures. B. He was disappointed at how ordinary she was. C. He felt that she ought to make life more seriously.
D. He was surprised that she wasn’t as beautiful he had imagined.
Section Ⅳ: Writing
Read the following quote and write an article of at least 500 words long for a newspaper to argue for or against the author’s opinion.(40 points for this section)
We shall live to see the day, I trust, when no man shall build his house for posterity. He might just as reasonably order a durable suit of clothes? so that his great-grandchildren should cut precisely the same figure in the world? I doubt whether even one public edifice?should be
built of such permanent materials?Better that they should crumble to ruin, once in twenty years or thereabouts, as a hint to the people to reform the institutions which they symbolize.
Nathaniel Hawthorne Should buildings be built to crumble to ruin every twenty years? Write an essay in response to this question.
参考答案及解析
SectionⅠ：Words and Phrase
1.C unwieldy笨重庞大的，不易移动的。overweight 超重的。Inept没有能力的；不恰当的。outsize特大的。
2.A 句意：很多过去认为是人类灾难的疾病现在可以容易地用抗生素治愈。Scourge灾害；鞭子。blight虫害。torture拷问，刑讯。thorn刺。 3.D 句意：她知道自己需要锻炼，但是她发现去健身房是一件令人讨厌的事。chore零星的工作；令人厌烦的任务。job 工作。toil报酬很低的苦活。Work工作，为不可数名词。
4.C 句意：对于表演，特殊效果确实很好，这种好不能简单地用语言表达。 5.A 句意：针对这家医院的关闭问题有一些不一样的观点。discrepancy差异，不一致。combat战斗。disparity悬殊。controversy论战。
6.B multitude 大量的。crowd 一群。 deluge洪水，暴雨。horde一群。 7.D concern作“关心”用时，是indifference(冷漠)的反义词，侧重对他人的健康，安全等的关心，也可暗示对困难，危险或失败等的忧虑。worries烦恼的事物和根源。care 操心，烦恼。
8.C deficiency 短缺，尤其指身体必需东西的缺乏。shortage缺少。insufficiency不足。defect 缺点，毛病。
9.D 句意：一些演员上台之前会很紧张。fright恐吓，惊吓。fear害怕，恐惧。anxiety不安。panic惶恐，恐慌。
10.B 句意:地震后，这个入口大厅变成了路边的临时病房。makeshift权益的，临时凑合的。mainstay骨干，支柱。piecework计件工作。wayside路边的。
11.B settle在某处停歇或停留一时。lay将某物置于某位置或某物表面。set安置，摆放。tumble翻滚；突然摔倒。
12.A scrambled爬行，争夺。jumble混杂，混乱。jostle挤拥，推撞。flurry疾风，骤雨。
13.C 句意：画家用鲜明的色彩表达出兴奋的感情。vibrant颜色鲜明的，醒目的。vigorous精力充沛的，有力的。drastic激烈的，猛烈的。strident声音刺耳的，尖锐的。
14.A intense强烈的。此处指巨大的压力.compulsive强制的.sturdy强壮的，坚决的。prevailing普遍的，盛行的。
15.D 句意:这个是现代都市，到处是高耸入云的大厦。soar高耸,屹立.rise上升。heave起伏，凸起。ascend上升，攀登。 sectionⅡ：Error Correction
1. on collaboration with中on改为in。（in collaboration with相互合作；勾结。）
2. Rembrandt’s Women was中was改为were。（因为主语为复数形式，故系动词为复数。）
3. such like中like改为as。（在举例时用such as 意为“诸如，例如”。） 4. focus in 中in改为on。（focus on关注于。） 5. a total后加of。（a total of总共。）
6. up to intimate中去掉up。（range from?to?(范围)从?到?。） 7. At chronological order中at改为In。（in?order按顺序。）
8. with its unparalleled blend中its改为his。（此处指画家的创作才能。） 9. this refusal of classical中this改为the。（此处并未特指哪一次，前文中也并未提及该画家对于传统标准的不认同。）
10.in the other hand中in改为on。（固定句型：On the one hand?on the other hand 一方面??另一方面??。） SectionⅢ：Reading Comprehension
1.D 文中第一段中“The kingdom of music is not the kingdom of this world; it will accept those whom breeding and intellect and culture have alike
rejected.”指出音乐的王国会接受现实中所抵触的东西。而选项A,B和C并未涉及。
2.A 文中第二段“（she）nor was she the passionate young lady,”可知她不会弹奏出很夸张很激情的音乐，所以可以排除选项B。而选项C和D文中也未提及。“Lucy had decided that they should triumph.”和“she was intoxicated by the mere feel of the notes.”可知她沉浸在自己的感情里。
3.D 第三段最后一句“she was intoxicated by the mere feel of the notes.”此句中的“intoxicated”和“engrossed”同意，意为“沉浸于，入迷”。 4.D 第四段段尾“The audience clapped, no less respectful. It was Mr. Bebee who started the stamping; it was all that one could do.”指出观众同样地很尊重她，给予她掌声。
5.C Mr. Bebee在猜想可能是‘Adelaida’, or the march of‘The Ruins of Athens’,结果“disturbed by the opening bars of Opus Ⅲ”,可知该题选项C为最佳答案。
6.B 由文章可知，牧师认为露西所选的曲目也不怎么简单，完全是任性所为，所以这番谈话表现出牧师的无礼。
7.C Mr. Bebee认为露西有些任性，应该更认真些。 SectionⅣ：Writing
Let the Building be
An American writer once point out that:“Better that they(public edifice)should crumble to ruin, once in twenty years or thereabouts, as a hint to ruin to the people to the reform the institutions which they symbolize.”That is to say, we should destroy the buildings to ruin every twenty years or thereabouts, in this way, we are reminded to reform the old institutions they represent. As regards to this opinion, I can not agree at all. The reasons are stated in the following parts.
First, it is an enormous waste of natural resource and human labor. As we all know that it is no easy job to finish building a house, let alone public edifice. It costs a lot including natural resources, human labor,
and technologies. For example, the Great Wall in China, the pyramids in Egypt. Since the resource on earth are limited, we can not destroy them at random.
Second, it is a kind of precious cultural heritage to the posterity. Just as we have done at present, through the old building, including the wonders our ancestors have left to us, we can know to some extend what life is like in their times. So the building in previous times is an important channel for us to know our past, since knowing the past is crucial to our future development, just as one great man says before, if a man never knows the history before he is born, he will always be a child.
Next, it is not necessary for us to destroy the building to ruin every years or thereabouts, so as that we are reminded to reform the old institutions they represent. As time goes on, there are surely some old institutions or conventions which would hinder the development of the production forces. However, the building which are built in a certain time are stable, and we can say, to some extend, it has a quite light influence on the development of economy. All we should do is bearing the conception of the development in our mind, and always being ready to discard the old or bad traditions and styles of lives or work.
However, as regard to those dilapidated building, which are dangerous to the people who are living there, we should discard them with no hesitation. Or else, the tragic event would happen when there is a natural disaster, such as earthquake, or flood.
Therefore, in most cases, we should keep the building well in order to make full use of the limited natural resource. And also it provides us with a good channel from generation to generation. Only when we keep the law of developing in our mind can we have a healthy, sustained, rapid and sound development, not by the destroying the building as a hint to reform the institutions which they symbolize.
