How to introduce someone 如何介绍别人
How to talk about things you've done or places you've been to 如何谈论做过的事情或到过的地方 How to offer, accept or decline help
如何主动提出帮助别人，如何接受或拒绝帮助
How to try to start or end a conversation 如何开始或结束对话
Language points in the dialogue
What a surprise!是个典型的感叹句。\好巧啊！太巧了！\ What + 名词（短语）+ 其他成份！ what 常常修饰名词或名词短语。
What a lovely weather today! 今天天气多棒啊！
What a pity you didn't come yesterday! 昨天你没来多遗憾！
How + 形容词（短语） + 其他成份！how 常常修饰形容 （副）词 或形容（副）词短语。
How lovely the weather is!
How wonderful it is to hear that you are joining us tomorrow! Look, How skillfully she's been riding the bike! I don't believe it. 我简直不敢相信。
I'm on my way back to Chicago. 在返回芝加哥的路上。
On one's way to在去某地的路上，如：I guess Xiaohua is on her way to the party now. 我想小华在去晚会的路上了。
Keep track of 表示对某事很清楚，了解其变化过程。如：Mike keeps track of all his old classmates in Beijing and he emails them almost every week. 迈克了解北京所有同学的情况，他几乎每周都给他们发邮件。
Laura, this is my wife, Monica. Monica, I'd like you to meet Laura Enders. Laura and I went to high school together.
Jim先将 Monica 介绍给 Laura, 第二句才是介绍 Laura 给Monica, 这样做是英美国家人们的习惯，以表示对 Laura 的尊重。一般来说，介绍几个人认识时，先介绍给更受尊重的一方，或者把家人介绍给外人，或者把更为熟悉的人介绍给不很熟悉的人。另外，为了给双方一点印象，往往或多或少需要介绍一下双方的身份或者被介绍的一方是如何跟自己认识的。然后被介绍的双方往往会相互问好，如 nice to meet you 等类的话。
We've got a plane to catch. 我们要赶飞机。
Catch a plane, train, bus赶飞机、火车、汽车。
Where are you off to? 你们要去哪儿？off to 表示出发去某地，如： The first group of students are off to Nanjing this afternoon. 第一组学生今天下午去南京。
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We are taking a week off. 我们休假一周。Take (some time) off 表示休假一段时间，take a day (two weeks, three months, etc. )off. 询问别人去过什么地方，做过什么有意义的事情往往可以用现在完成时的句子。 Great seeing you. Nice meeting you.与 Nice to meet / see you. 之间的区别。Great seeing you 和 Nice meeting you 用 –ing 结构，一般是在谈话结束要说再见时用的，而 Nice to meet / see you. 用的是不定式，是在刚被介绍认识时所用的。 Stephen King 美国著名恐怖小说家，是一个多产的作家。
As a matter of fact, 用来加强语气，具有\事实上，说真的，其实\等含义，相当于 to tell the truth, in fact 等。如：As a matter of fact, we are going to Shanghai tomorrow afternoon. 事实上，我们明天下午去上海。
I'm almost done. 我就要读完了。 almost done 常常可以用来表示\某事就要做完了\的含义。如：He said he was almost done, and he would certainly go with us. 他说他几乎做完了，肯定跟我们一起去。
常见的提供帮助和感谢帮助的句式有：
Let me help you to do sth. (with …) Would you like some help with …? Can I help you with …? That's very kind of you. It's very kind of you. That's really nice of you. I appreciate it very much. Thank you very much for…
Language points in the dialogue
How have you been? 近来好吗？最近怎么样？是熟人见面时常用的招呼语。
How's everything with you and Carol? How are the kids?
What's he up to these days? 他最近忙什么呢？be up to sth. 意思是 be busy doing, be busy with sth. 忙于某事。Jane has been up to a lot of things these days. 注意 be up to sth 和 be up to somebody (to do sth.) 的区别。be up to somebody (to do sth.) 意思是 \应该由某人负责\，如： It will be up to her to tell you what she has in her mind. 她在想什么应该由她来告诉你。
I haven't seen them in so long. 我有好久没看到他们了。In so long 相当于 for a very long time. 很久了，很长时间了。
must + 动词原形\用来表示对现在状态的一种猜测。又如：He must be in the office now. 他现在一定在办公室里。
Why don't you …? 常常用来提出某种建议。类似的用法还有 How about…? What do you think of …? Would you like to …? 等等。
Getaway magazine spoke with Josef Schmidt, a travel agent in Hamburg, Germany, about his many travels. Getaway是本杂志的名称，get away意思是\离开，出去\。顾名思义， Getaway是关于外出旅游方面的杂志。
We hear you've traveled to nearly forty different countries. 我们听说你去过四十
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多个国家。
What has been your favorite place to visit? 哪儿是你访问过的最喜欢的地方？
I've always loved to explore old cities. 我一直以来就喜欢去探索古老的城市。 I've never been there. 我从没有去过那里。
I've always wanted to see the Sydney Opera House. 我一直想看看悉尼歌剧院。
I've also picked up quite a bit of Spanish. 我还学会了不少西班牙语。
Has there been any place where you've had a lot of trouble with the language?在什么地方你在语言方面有过很大的麻烦吗？
现在完成时用来表示到说话时刻以前发生的动作或情况，对现在有一定影响。要么是从时间上要么是从结果上跟现在有一定联系。现在完成时的句子中常常用到 always, already, yet, just, ever, never 等副词和表示到现在为止这段时间的状语，如 up till now, this week / month / summer / year, etc., so far, these days, recently, since (某一具体时刻或动作)。如：
Up till now, we have planted over 200 trees. 到目前为止，我们已经栽了200棵树了。
So far we have only talked about the first two questions. We still have five more to go. 到目前为止我们才刚刚讨论了两个问题，还有五个呢。
He has learned a great deal since he started the training. 自从他参加了培训，学到了很多东西。
一般过去时主要表示过去某时发生的动作或情况（包括习惯性动作），有时跟具体的表示某时某刻的时间状语，有时也可不跟。
如：John said he wasn't in last night. John 说昨天晚上他不在家。
Xiao Zhang often came to help us in the household. 小张经常来帮我们做家务。 How did you like their performance? 你觉得他们的表演怎么样？ It was a pity you didn't go to the lecture. 很遗憾你没有去听讲座。 Language points in the reading text
Love doing sth 喜欢做某事，表示一般的习惯。would love to do sth 此时此刻想干什么。如：
He loves taking photos very much. Everywhere he goes, he will take a lot of beautiful pictures. 他特别喜欢拍照，无论走到哪儿，都要拍很多漂亮的照片。
I'd love to go to the party with you, but you see, I've got to finish this report this evening. 我很想跟你去参加聚会，可是你瞧，我今晚必须写完这个报告。Prague is one of the most beautiful in terms of architecture. \形容词最高级\表示\最……之一\。大家知道，单音节词和少数双音节词（如以 y 结尾的）词尾加 + est 构成最高级。多音节形容词在构成最高级的时候，其前往往需要加 most + 形容词原形。又如：
This red ruler is longer than that yellow one. But the blue one is the longest.
The most important thing is to get in touch with him as soon as possible. 最重要的事情是要尽早跟他联系。
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定语从句的例句：
There are fantastic castles and museums that are relatively unknown to most tourists. Is there any one place that is particularly memorable for you?
Has there been any place where you've had a lot of trouble with the language? 这几句话里都含有一个定语从句，来修饰前面提到的地方。That, which, where, who 等都可以引起定语从句，而且在从句中做一定句子成分。
Remember doing sth. 表示记得做过某事，如：He remembered posting the letter on his way to school. 他记得在去学校的路上把信寄走了。
而 remember to do sth 记得去做某事。如：Please ask him to remember to send me an email when you see him. 请你见到他时让他给我发个邮件。
Incredibly 难以置信地。If you go to the countryside in Autumn, the sky is incredibly blue sometimes. 如果你秋天去农村，天空有时格外地蓝。
I felt far from home but very close to nature. 注意这句话里的两个介词 from 和 to 的用法，far from表示\远离什么地方\，close to表示\离什么地方近\。
The Great Barrier Reef 大堡礁，澳大利亚风景名胜。Sydney Opera House, 悉尼歌剧院，因其独特的白色船帆形状屋顶而出名。
How do you deal with all the different languages in other places you visit? 你如何应付访问过的其他地方的不同语言？deal with 有\应付，处理\的意思；也有\与人打交道\的含义。又如：They learned to deal with any sort of emergency. 他们学会了应付各种紧急情况。That person is a bit difficult to deal with. 那个人不好打交道。
I find that I can pick up many phrases and expressions as I travel. 我发现我一边旅游一边可以学会很多短语和用法。pick up 原义指\拿起；拣起，拾起；取走\，引申义\通过在环境中接触或实际操作自然获得某种技能（语言、技术），并不是刻意去学会\。When the telephone rang, Judy picked it up. 电话响了，Judy 拿起了话筒。
形容词 fluent 意思是\说话流利的，口若悬河的\，名词形式是fluency 流利，流畅。He is not so fluent in Korean, but he can speak excellent Chinese. 他韩国语不是很流利，但是可以说一口很漂亮的汉语。
Have trouble with sth. 或者 have trouble (in) doing sth. 在某方面有麻烦、困难, in 是可用可不用的。When I was in England the first time, I had some slight trouble listening to lectures. 第一次在英国的时候，我听讲座稍微有点麻烦。 Is it hard to adjust to the different customs and people you meet? 是不是很难适应你碰到的人们和不同习惯？adjust (oneself) to，调整自己以适应。 The body adjusts itself to changes in temperature. 身体自行调节以适应温度的变化。Is it difficult to adjust to the new life here? 适应这里的新生活困难吗？
The first thing I always do when I get to a new place is buy a map. 我去一个新地方的第一件事情就是去买一张地图。这句话里的系动词 is 后直接跟了动词 buy, 而不是 to buy，其原因是主语部分的定语从句的谓语动词是do。又如，What I'm going to do next is ask some of you to come up to the front. 接下来我要做的是叫你们中的几位上前来。The last thing he did was wave goodbye to all of us. 他做的最后一件事情是跟我们大家挥手告别。象这种主语部分含有动词 do 或其过去式 did 的句子，系动词 is 或 was (were) 后一般直接跟动词原形。
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语言功能： 短语或词组：
keep track of, 了解，知道 be off to, 出发去 …… a day (week) off, 休假一天（周）
as a matter of fact, 事实上 by the way, 顺便提一下 be up to sth, 忙于某事 be up to sb, 应该由某人负责
unknown to, 不为 …… 所知
come out, 出现 far from, 远离 ……
close to, 靠近 …… different from, 不同于 think about, 考虑，思考 deal with, 处理，应付 pick up, 拾起；开车接人 be fluent in a language, 讲某种语言很流利 along the way, 沿着 have trouble with, 某方面有困难
adjust to, 调整以适应
UNIT2:
Answers to the Focus Questions
1．How long do you think Tina has been in Clinton? Why?
Most probably just a couple of months. It should be in the summer vacation now because she said she was going to be in senior high school in fall and she just moved to Clinton in the beginning of June.
2．How old do you think Marge is roughly? How do you know?
She should be around 40 because she has known the owner of the restaurant for about thirty five years since kindergarten. 3．How long has Marge been a waitress? For twenty years.
4．How many children do Tina's parents have? 3 boys and 2 girls. (Altogether five.)
No kidding. 相当于You are kidding! You are joking! 别骗人了！你在开玩笑吧？！表示怀疑或惊讶。
You are telling me.相当于 You don't need to tell me. I know that. 表示说话人并不是很喜欢听到对方说的内容。这还用你来告诉我啊！言下之意，我当然知道了。 Make good money, 挣很多钱，收入不错。如：He almost can't make enough money to bring the kids up. 他挣钱少，几乎养活不了那几个孩子。 How's it
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