或解释。用于定语从句的关系词有who, whom, which, that, as, when, where, why. 用于同位语从句的关系词在应用能力考试阶段只有that。常后接同位语从句的先行词是一些表事实或概念的抽象名词，如fact, news, belief, truth, reply, idea等。试比较：
① We all have heard the news that our team won.
(同位语从句，that从句表示news的内容，that 在从句中不作任何成分) ② We don?t believe the news that/which he told us yesterday. (定语从句，that 作told 的宾语)
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1）In Britain there have been many people over the age of 65 ____ have begun a degree course with the Open University and passed successfully. (00,06)
A) which B) who C) that D) what
解析：本题考查定语从句，如果先行词被much, first, few, some, very, many, any, only, no 等词或形容词最高
级修饰，关系代词一般用that，不用which, who 或whom。故而此项答案为C。(!?) 2) Our department has a large amount of books, _____ are in English. (01,06)
A) many of which B) many of them C) many ones D) their many 解析：本题考查非限制性定语从句，且引导词前有限定词，故A)项正确。
3) ____is often the case, one third of the workers have over-fulfilled the production plan. (01,12)
A) what B) This C) That D) As 解析：本题考查非限制性定语从句，且从句位于句首，故选D.
4) Mr. Jones, _____life was very hard, is now very successful in his business. (01,12)
A) of him B) his C) whose D) by whom
解析：本题考查非限制性定语从句，根据内涵应用关系代词whose, 故选C.
5) The news ______the Chinese football team had won the match excited all of us. (02,06) A) that B) which C) what D) as 解析：本题考查同位语从句，故选A.
6）Because of the reduction of air pollution, this city now is a good place____.（03,06）
A) where to live B) which to live C) to live D) to be lived
解析：本题考查定语从句，这里考查的是一种特殊形式的不定式短语。关系副词+带to的不定式。因live
是不及物动词，故不能选B，如果选B，则改成in which to live也可以。 7）This is the microscope ____ which we have so much trouble. (03,06) A) at B) from C) of D) with 解析：本题考查带介词的定语从句：have trouble with sb/sth, 故选D.
8) He got a massage from Miss Zhang _____ professor Wang couldn?t see him the following day. (03,06) A) which B) whom C) that D) what 解析：本题考查同位语从句，故选C.
9) The hotel _____ during the vacation was rather poorly managed. (04,06)
A) as I stayed B) where I stayed C) which I stayed D) what I stayed 解析：本题考查定语从句，但根据内涵应该用关系副词where引导，故选B. 10) She got to know the young man very well ____ she had worked for so long. (05,01) A) to whom B) in whom C) whom D) with whom 解析：本题考查定语从句，且引导词前有介词，因此应根据具体内涵确定。与某人共事应是 “work with sb.”,
介词提至引导词前构成定语从句，故选D.
11) We were all excited at the news ____our annual sales had more than doubled. (05,01)
A) which B) that C) it D) what 解析：本题考查同位语从句，故选B.
12) This book is designed for the learners ______native languages are not English. (05,06)
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A) whose B) which C) who D) what
解析：本题考查定语从句，且引导词还要和native languages构成所有格关系，故选关系代词whose. 13) What do you think of his suggestion ______ we all attend the meeting? (06,06)
A) which B) whether C) that D) what
解析：本题考查同位语从句：解释从句的具体内容，而不是限定从句的性质。故选C. 14）There is no evidence oil price will come down in the near future. (06,12) A) which B) that C) where D) as 解析：本题考查同位语从句，说明evidence的具体内容，故选B.
15) Once more I have to leave Beijing,____ I have been living for eight years. (07,06) A) that B) where C) which D) as
解析：本题考查非限制性定语从句。在从句中缺少地点状语。表示地点的先行词Beijing需要修饰，故需
要关系副词where。
16) News came from the sales manager _______ the new product had been selling well in the local market for three months. (07,12)
A) whose B) what C) which D) that 解析：本题考查同位语从句，说明News的具体内容，从句中既不缺少主语也不需要宾语，故选D. 17) I tried to get out of the business I found impossible to carry on. (08,06)
A) why B) which C) what D) where
解析：本题考查定语从句，从句中缺少carry on的宾语，本题能充当宾语的只有which。
18）The message ________ Mr. Black was elected chairman of the committee arrived just in time. (08,12)
A) which B) what C) that D) how
解析：本题考查同位语从句，说明The message的具体内容，从句中主语宾语均不缺少。
19）It is important to provide an environment ______ people are encouraged to make suggestions at all levels of
the company. (08,12)
A) from which B) on which C) in which D) for which
解析：考查定语从句介词+关系词的使用。先行词environment与介词in连用，而关系代词which指代的就
是先行词，故选C.
20）The advertising company recently hired a designer _____ had once won a prize in a national contest. (09,06)
A) whose B) which C) whom D) who
解析：本题考查定语从句关系词的选取，根据句型结构必须用关系代词who。因为先行词是人，且做主语。 21）We are happy at the good news ________ Mr. Black has been awarded the Best Manager. (09,12)
A) that B) which C) what D) whether
解析：本题考查同位语从句，说明news的具体内容，从句中主语宾语均不缺少。 22) Would you please pass me the book ________ cover is black? (09,12)
A) which B) whose C) that D) its
解析：本题考查定语从句关系词的选取，根据句型结构必须用关系代词whose。因为cover是先行词的一
部分，应选用起定语作用的whose。
23) Immigrants have to adapt themselves culturally and physically to the new surroundings ____ they have moved. (10,06)
A) on which B) by which C) into which D) from which 解析：考查定语从句介词+关系词的使用。先行词surroundings与介词from连用，而关系代词which指代
的就是先行词，故选D.
24) There is no evidence ____ he was on the site of the murder. (10,06)
A) where B) that C) which D) how
解析：本题考查同位语从句，说明evidence的具体内容，从句中主语宾语均不缺少。
25) Jack said the construction of the subway would be completed in October, ____ is a great surprise to us. (10,12)
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A) this B) what C) that D) which 解析：本题考查非限制性定语从句的认知与运用。简单地说，你一定可以看得出它是一个定语从句，并且
October 后有逗号隔开，从句一定用which引导，因为which代表的是前面的整句话。选项A、B不是关系词，而选项C that，不能与非限制性定语从句连用。
四、时态 （共21题，比例9.5 %）
1) That was the first time I ______English with a foreigner. (00,12)
A) spoke B) speak C) have spoken D) had spoken 解析：本题考查“ It is/was the first/second time sb. has/have/had done sth.” 句型，故选D. 2) We hoped that by the end of the year we _____the job. (00,12)
A) had finished B) finished C) would have finished D) will finish
解析：本题考查重点时态：该题主句用一般过去时，而 “by the end of …”应用完成时态，故而得知从句应
用过去将来完成时。
3）Three new buildings ____ on the campus by the end of this year. (01,06)
A) will be built B) are going to be built C) will have been built D) have been built
解析：四个选项均为被动式，因此测试点是动词时态的用法。C) 项为将来完成时,与原句中的“by the end
of this year”可连用，是正确答案，其它三项都不可与“by the end of this year”连用。 4）I decide to leave the company next month, where I ____ for exactly three years. (01,12)
A) work B) is working C) will be working D) will have worked 解析：本题考点为时态。两个分句的时间状语next month和for exactly three years清晰地表明，需“将来
完成时”才能使句子完整地表达将来要完成的动作，故选D正确。
5) Most of the people who are visiting Britain ___about the food and weather there. (02,12) A) are always to complain B) have always complained C) always complain D) will always complain
解析：本题考查时态：该题讲述一般事实，用一般现在时即可，故选C. 6) Linda feels exhausted because she _____ so many visitors today. (03,06) A) has been having B) had been having C) was having D) had had
解析：本题考查现在完成进行时，表示过去某个时间一直延续到现在并仍将延续或刚刚结束的动作，而
B) 为过去完成进行时，表示过去某个时间段内一直延续的动作。
7) This time next week I?ll be on vacation. Probably I _____on a beautiful beach. (03,12) A) am lying B) have lain C) will be lying D) will have lain 解析：本题考查将来进行时，表示将来某个时间可能正在进行的动作。“下周此时我可能在度假。那时我
可能正躺在美丽的沙滩上。而D)为将来完成时。
8) By the time you get to Shanghai tomorrow, I _____ for Chongqing. (04,06) A) am leaving B) will leave C) shall have left D) had left 解析：本题考查将来完成时。 “等明天你到达上海时，我已经前往重庆。” 9) The car ____ by the side of the road and the driver tried to repair it.(05,01)
A) breaks down B) was breaking down C) has broken down D) broke down 解析：本题考查时态，从后一并列分句谓语动词时态得到提示。
10) Though he ____ well prepared before the job interview, he failed to answer some important questions. (05,06) A) will be B) would be C) has been D) had been 解析：本题考查时态，从内涵推断出从句动作在主句动作之前发生，而主句已经是过去时态，故从句用过
去完成时态。
11) He _____in this company since he graduated from Andong Technical College ten years ago. (05,12) A) worked B) has been working C) had worked D) was working
解析：本题考查时态，从内涵推断出应用现在完成进行时：他从十年前毕业到现在一直在这家公司工作。
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12) Ever since I arrived here, I _______ in the dormitory because it is cheaper. (06,06) A) lived B) was living C) had been living D) have been living 解析：本题考查重点时态：现在完成进行时，表示从过去某一时间一直延续到现在将继续延续下去的动作。
本题内涵为“自从我到这以后，我一直住在宿舍，因为那比较便宜。
13）For years, doctors______ millions of patients? lives with the help of microscopes. (07,06)
A) have saved B) are saving C) will save D) were saving
解析：本题考查重点时态：由时间状语For years可知，本题应该用现在完成式。 14）In our company, great changes ________ since the new manager came. (07,12) A) took place B) take place C) will have taken place D) have taken place 解析：本题主要考查时态。句中since，表示“自从……”是完成时的典型标致，故句子用现在完成时，答案
为D。
15）They will not start the project until the board chairman back from South Africa. (08,06) A) will come B) is coming C) came D) comes
解析：本题考查重点时态：本题考查对时态的掌握。本着主将从现的原则，此题答案选D。 16）By the time you come to see me next month, I ______ my term paper. (08,12) A) have completed C) am completing
B) complete D) will have completed 解析：时态考察题。By the time + next month告诉我们，话题说的是“到下个月的某个时间为止”，所以要用
将来完成时。此外提醒，主从句的谓语还要遵循“主将从现”的原则。
17）By the end of this year Mr. Smith _____ in our company for exactly three years. (09,06) A) is working B) has worked C) will work D) will have worked 解析：本题与上一题相同。by the end of 此短语与完成时连用，从by the end of this year 可得知须用将来
完成时。
18）Enclosed you _____ an application form that you are asked to fill out. (09,06) A) will find C) found B) find D) are finding
解析：时态考察题。根据that引导的定语从句用一般现在式来看，可知主句应该用将来时。 19）According to the timetable, the train for Beijing ____ at 9:10 p.m. from Monday to Friday. (10,06)
A) was leaving B) is leaving C) leaves D) has left
解析：时态辨析题。根据时刻表运行的交通工具的始发或到达均用一般现在时。
20) The team is going out to hold a party tomorrow after it ____ the project. (10,12) A) completes B) completed C) will complete D) will have completed
解析：本题考查时态的用法。主句是一般将来时，那么从句就应当用一般现在时表示将来。 21) By the end of next year, I ____ for the company for 10 years. (10,12) A) work B) am working C) had worked D) will have worked 解析： 本题考查时态的用法。By the end of…总要和完成时连用，如果of后接的是过去的时间，如last year，
就用过去完成时。但如果of后接的是将来的时间，就用将来完成时。
五、 虚拟语气 (共19题，比例 8.6 %)
㈠ 名词性从句中的虚拟 （共6题）
【语法点拨】Ⅱ
名词性从句包括：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
虚拟语气是以动词的特殊形式来说明句子中所叙述的内容不是事实，或是不可能发生的事情，而是一种愿望、建议或是与事实相反的一种假设。虚拟语气通常出现在各种主从复合句中。 ⑴ 在宾语从句中
1．当主句的谓语动词为suggest，propose，advise，insist，order，demand，require，request， desire等表示“建议、命令、请求和要求”的动词时，其后的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气“should+动词原形”(在美国英
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语中 should可省略)。
2．当主句动词为wish，表示“但愿……”，“要是……该多好哇”之意时，其后的宾语从句有以下三种虚拟语气形式。
①动词用过去式来说明与现在的事实相反(BE动词常用were)。 ②动词用过去完成式说明与过去的事实相反。
③情态动词“would，could，might”等后接动词原形，表示对将来的希望(通常不用should)。 3. 在prefer之后的宾语从句中用“should+动词原形”(should可省略)。 4．在would rather之后的宾语从句中，其动词用虚拟语气，表示句子的主语(某人)宁愿让另一人做某事。
①用动词过去式表示现在或将来要做的事。 ②用动词的过去完成式表示过去的动作。 ⑵ 在主语从句中 （考点2）
1. 在句型“It is／was+过去分词+that从句”中，当过去分词为“suggested, ordered, desired, insisted, required, demanded, requested, decided, proposed, urged” 等时，从句中要用“should+动词原形”(should可省略)。
2. 在句型“It is／was+形容词+that从句”中，当形容词为“important, necessary，strange，natural或desirable??时，从句中要用“should+动词原形”(should可省略)。
3. 在句型“It is／was+名词+that从句” 中，当名词为“a pity, a shame, no wonder”等时，从句中要用“should+动词原形”(should可省略)。
⑶ 在同位语从句或表语从句中
在名词“suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice??等后面的同位语从句或表语从句中，用“should+动词原形”(should可省略)。例如：
I made a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week．我提出了我们下个星期开会的建议。(同位语从句)
My idea is that we (should) get more people to attend the conference．我的想法是我们多找些人来参加会议。(表语从句)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1) Jack?s father suggested that Jack _____ in London for a few more days. (00,06)
A) would stay B) stay C) had stayed D) stayed
解析：本题考查宾语从句中的虚拟语气（见【语法点拨】Ⅰ，⑴，1），故选B.
2) The manager of the company insisted that all the staff members ______ the new safety rules. (02,06) A) would observe B) observe C) observed D) will observed 解析: 本题与上题同理，考查宾语从句虚拟语气，故选B.
3) It is most desirable that he ____ for the information by himself with a few clicks online. (05,12)
A) search B) searched C) has searched D) will search 解析：本题考查主语从句中的虚拟，因从句内涵主动，（见【语法点拨】Ⅰ，⑵，2）故选A. 4) The representative of the company demanded that part of the agreement _____ revised. (06,06)
A) will be B) is C) to be D) be 解析：本题考查宾语从句中的虚拟语气，且从句是被动内涵（协议被修改），故从句谓语动词正确形式应
为：(should) + be done, 情态动词可省略，因此D) 项正确。（以上各题详见【语法点拨】Ⅰ，⑴，1） 5） It is required that anyone applying for a driver?s license a set of tests. (06,12) A) take B) takes C) took D) will take
解析：本题考点是虚拟语气中主语从句的用法。在动词require后面跟从句时，从句的谓语动词用（should）
+ 动词原形。（详见【语法点拨】Ⅰ，⑵，1）
6）It is important that we ________ the task ahead of time. (09,12)
A) will fish B) finished C) finish D) shall finish
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