Unit 1
1. buildings are rarely designed to save energy,because those who put them up do not usually pay the bills and those who occupy them choose them for their views or their looks , not their energy-efficiency.
楼房设计很少考虑能效，因为建造者不用为之买单，而那些楼房的住户们买房时考虑的是景色或楼房的外观，而不是它们的能效。 2. that will happen only if governments require them to do so ,or tax dirty products and processes (through a carbon price),or subsidise clean ones .
只有政府要求，或是（通过碳定价）对污染产品和工艺征税，或进行清洁生产补贴，公司才会投资清洁技术。
3. a $40carbon price now ,doubling by 2050, and combined with non-price policies such as appliance standards and R&D support ,is needed to hit the 450ppm targets .
碳价需要定在40美元，到2050年翻一番，结合电器标准和研发扶持等非价格政策，才能达到450ppm的目标。
4. companies can buy and sell allocations amongst themselves ,and can also buy “certified emission reductions “from developing countries to meet their caps through Kyoto’s “clean development mechanism”. 公司间可以买卖分配额，也可以按照京都“清洁发展机制”从发展中国家购买“和政的减排量”，以符合减排限制。
5. although it is still young , the ETS has had some impact on emissions . ETS{排放交易制度}虽然建立不久，但它对（温室气体）排放带来了一定的影响。
6. nuclear power does ,however , have the virtue of scale . 然而，核能确实有规模优势。
7. thanks to stimulus money to combat the recession , subsidies are now flooding into the renewable-energy business than ever before . 因为应对经济衰退的刺激性投资增加，补贴正在以前所未有的速度涌入可再生能源行业。
8. globally ,new energy finance reckons that only $24 billion of green-stimulus money will be disbursed this year .
新能源财经有限公司估计全球今年只会支出240亿美元用于鼓励发展绿色能源。 unit 2
1. the move highlights the growing economic importance of Asia an some Latin American countries .
这一举动彰显了亚洲和一些拉丁美洲国家不断增长的经济重要性。 2. but for practical purposes ,the smaller group will become more like a dinner club that defers to the broader group on the economic issues that have dominated summit meetings for nearly three decades . 实际上，小集团（八国集团）会更像宴会俱乐部，在占据峰会近
30年的一些经济问题上还是要听从大集团的意见。
3. proponents of the smaller group say the friendships it fosters are important when friction arises in the group or outside it in one-on-one policy disputes between nations .
小集团支持者认为，小集团培养出的友谊在集团内部发生摩擦或集团外国家之间出现政策冲突时显得尤为重要。
4. but global leaders , noting that Mr Obama’s words are not always in sync with his actions , wonder if the president is a free trader or a protectionist 。
但是，各国政要注意到奥巴马有时言行不一，不知道这位总统到底是自由贸易主义者还是贸易保护主义者。
5. for years , American officials have complained at international meetings that china was deliberately undervaluing its currency to give its exports a price advantage .
多年来，美国官员在国际会议上多次抱怨说中国为了出口价格优势有意低估币值。
6. global trade went through wrenching reductions last fall ,as countries around the world plunged into the deepest recessions that most of them had suffered in decades .
由于各国去年秋天开始陷入几十年来对大多数国家来说最严重的经济衰退，全球贸易经理了痛苦的衰减。
7. financial officials have been relieved that the economic crisis has not
yet provoked a chain reaction of protectionist restrictions by countries trying preserve their home industries .
各国财政官员欣慰的是这次经济危机还没有因各国保护本国产业引起保护主义限制措施的连锁反应。 Unit 3
1. the number of jobs affected is barely a rounding error in measurements of the mighty American workforce .
相对于美国庞大的劳动力群体而言，（向中国轮胎征收高额关税）对就业人数的影响微不足道。
2. mrobama’s most overtly protectionist decision so far has triggered a predictably angry reaction from china , which threatened to retaliate against American chickens and car parts and to haul America before the world trade organization.
迄今为止，奥巴马不加掩饰的贸易保护主义举措不出所料的激发了中国的愤怒回应，中国威胁将对美国出口到中国的肌肉和汽车配件实施报复性措施并迫使美国接受世贸组织的仲裁。
3. smoot-hawley sharply raised tariffs on thousands of products , not just one .then ,there was no regulating framework for global trade ;now both America and china are acting within the wto , which was created precisely to keep such spats within rules .
《斯姆特-霍利关税法案》提高了上千种产品关税，而不是仅仅一种。
更何况那个时候全球贸易协调框架还未形成；现在，中国和美国都得在世贸组织框架内采取行动，而这正是世贸组织建立的初衷。 4. last novembergeorge bush and in aprilmrobama , on both occasions joined by other leaders of the G20 ,pledged to “refrain from raising new barriers to investment or to trade in goods and services”;yet new barriers have steadily increased .
乔治·布什和奥巴马分别在去年11月和今年4月于二十国集团的其他领导人一起承诺“尽量避免提高对投资以及商品、服务贸易的壁垒”。但新的壁垒任然在稳步增高。
5. until now mrobama has tried to allay fears that he is a bit of a protectionist by abandoning campaign threats to renegotiate the north American free-trade agreement and to punish china for holding down its currency .
一直以来奥巴马都在试图平复外界对他的贸易保护主义倾向的担忧，他放弃了竞选时提出的重新修订《北美自由贸易协定》以及因人民币贬值而惩罚中国的主张。
6.he has surrounded himself with mainstream , pro-free-trade economists ,watered down(though failed to veto)”buy America” provisions in the fiscal stimulus , and opposed carbon tariffs in the cap-and-trade bill now before congress.
他身边大都是主流的、支持自由贸易的经济学家。他淡化了（尽管没能否决）经济刺激方案中“购买美国产品”的条款，还反对国会即将
