Module 8, Unit 2 The universal language
Period 1 Welcome and reading阅读
I. Objectives:
1.To help Ss get a general idea about the text.
2. To make Ss become familiar with the detailed information about the text. 3. To help Ss master Reading Strategy. II. Teaching important points:
1.How to make the students understand the passage better. 2.How to help the students finish all the exercises.
3.How to help the students develop their creative, comprehensive and consolidating abilities. III. Teaching procedures and ways: Step 1: Fast reading for general ideas
Go through the passage quickly to find answers to the three questions in Part A. Answers 1. Turandot is an opera that tells the story of a cold-hearted Chinese princess, named Turandot, who lives in the Forbidden City. To avoid marriage, she says that any potential husband must answer three riddles correctly or die. 2. Giacomo Puccini wrote the opera. The final scene was completed by Franco Alfano, one of his students, based on Puccini’s notes after he died. 3. It was performed outdoors. Step 2: Careful-reading for detailed information 1. Read the passage again and complete Part C1. 2. Listen to the tape and complete C2. Answers 5 3 7 2 1 8 4 6 Step 3: Practice 1. Complete Part D
Find these words and expressions in the interview. Guess their meanings from the context. Then
第 1 页 共 11 页
match them with the correct definitions.
Answers 1 e 2 b 3 d 4 f 5 a 6 h 7 c 8 g 2. Complete Part E
Read this newspaper article about Sang Lan. Complete it with the words below.
Answers 1performance 2 talents 3 China 4 gold 5 princess 6 riddles 7 potential 8 marry 9 setting 10 witnessed
IV. Homework
1. Read the text and underline the key words and phrases in the text. 2. Unit Revision: P108 V. Notes after teaching
第 2 页 共 11 页
Module 8, Unit 2 The universal language
Period 2 Welcome and reading语言点
I. Teaching aims:
To enable the students to master the new language points in the text. II. Teaching important and difficult points: How to understand the new language points III. Teaching procedures and ways: Step 1 Check up Check up the homework. Step 2 Language points:
1. Last night, I witnessed the first of only eight performances of Giacomo Puccini’s world-famous opera,
Turandot, being performed in the Forbidden City in Beijing, China.(Page 18, lines 1-3) 昨天晚上，我去看了贾科莫·普契尼闻名世界的歌剧《图兰朵》，那是在中国北京紫禁城八场演出的首场。
（1） 本句中witness为及物动词，意为“证明；目击”；它有时也可用作不及物动词，意为“作
证”等。如：
The two servants witnessed the old man’s will. 两个佣人见证了老人的遗嘱。 The worker witnessed to having seen the accused near the scene of the crime. 这个工人作证说曾看见被告在犯罪现场附近。 此外，witness可用作名词，意思是“证明，证人”。如： I am a witness to the debate. 我是那场争论的见证人。
（2） Being performed是-ing分词做定语，相当于which was being performed。如：
There are also records of gymnastics being performed in some other Asian countries.
=There are also records of gymnastics which were performed in some other Asian countries.
2. In order to avoid marriage, she says that any potential husband must answer three riddles correctly or
die.(Page 18, lines 8-9) 为了不出嫁，她说任何想要成为她丈夫的人必须猜中三道谜语，否则就要被处死。
句子avoid是及物动词，意为“避免，躲开，逃避”，后面接名词或者-ing分词。如： To avoid the city center, please turn right here. 如果要避开市中心，请从这里向右转。 You should avoid being late for your class if you want to learn English well. 避免上课迟到，如果你想把英语学好的话。 类似的词汇和短语有，escape意为“逃避”；keep away from意为“逃离；避开”。如： The boy was lucky to escape being punished after he had failed in the exam. 考试失败后，男孩很幸运没有受罚。
Keep away from the old building because it was too dangerous. 远离那幢旧建筑物，因为太危险了。
3. Just imagine performing such an opera in the Forbidden City-there could not be a better setting. (Page 18,
lines 10-11)
想想在紫禁城上演这出歌剧吧—不可能有比这更好的场景了！
第 3 页 共 11 页
4.
5.
6.
7.
(1) 动词imagine意为“想象，幻想，猜测”，其后跟名词、-ing分词或从句等。如：
Imagine a house with such a big garden. That’s wonderful! 设想有一所带如此大花园的房子，那就太棒了!
Would you ever have imagined him/his becoming a great politician? 你怎能料想到他竟成大政治家了？
He imagines that people don’t like him, but they do. 他以为人们不喜欢他，但人们是喜欢他的。
You can imagine how surprised I was when the police accused him of murder. 当他被警察指控谋杀时，你可以想象我是多么惊讶。
(2) Could not be a better setting的意思是“不可能有比这更好的场景了”，否定词not/no/nothing等与
比较级连用，往往表达最高级含义。如：
Nothing in the world is more valuable than those books. =Those books are the most valuable in the world.
Instead of a stage curtain, there were decorated panels covered with red and gold, and traditional Chinese drums were used to announce the start of the opera.(page 18, lines 13-14)
覆盖着红色和金色的装饰镶板代替了舞台帷幕，传统的中国鼓敲响，宣告了歌剧的开场。 (1) Be decorated with的意思是“装饰，修饰”。如：
Linda wanted to buy the ring which seemed to be decorated with sparkling diamonds. 琳达想买那个装饰了闪闪发光钻石的戒指。
(2) Covered with red and gold是-ed分词短语，作后置定语，修饰名词panels。如：
The glass broken by the naughty boy is not expensive. 被这个淘气的小男孩打破的玻璃杯并不贵。
(3) 句中announce为及物动词，意思是“宣告，宣布，预示”。如：
The government announces that more new parks will be built for its citizens. 政府宣布将为市民建更多新的公园。
The invention of the new chip announces a new generation of computers. 这种新芯片的发明预示了新一代计算机（的到来）。
The story then takes on a classic love triangle featuring Calaf, Turandot, and Liu, whose love for Calaf is unconditional. (Page 18, lines 19-20)
故事随后演绎成了发生在卡拉夫、图兰朵和柳儿三人之间的经典三角恋情，其中，柳儿对卡拉夫的爱是无条件的。
短语take on在句中的含义是“承担，接受，开始执行”。如：
We young men should take on heavy responsibilities. 我们年轻人应当勇挑重担。 I think you’ve taken on as much as you can do, please don’t start any other activity. 我看你揽下的活够多了，请别再接其它活了。
She even dares to try and exercise control over her father, the emperor of China, who has promised to allow her to choose her own husband. (Page 18, lines 21-23)
她甚至敢于尝试并且真的控制自己的父亲，即中国皇帝。他曾经允诺女儿由她自己选择丈夫。 句中promise是动词，意思是“向…保证，允诺，答应”。如： You must promise to hand in your homework on time from now on. 你必须保证从现在起准时交家庭作业。
My uncle promised me a mobile phone as my birthday present. 叔叔允诺给我一个手机作为生日礼物。
Turandot is desperate to learn his name and threatens and terrifies Liu because she knows his name. (Page
第 4 页 共 11 页
19, lines 27-28) 图兰朵不顾一切地想知道卡拉夫的名字，她威胁恐吓柳儿，因为柳儿知道卡拉夫的名字。
在句中desperate 是形容词，意为“不顾一切的；绝望的；十分…”。如： The couple are desperate for money because they want to buy a car next month. 这对夫妇十分需要钱，因为他们下个月想买辆车。
The prisoners grew more desperate when in despair.囚徒们在绝望中更加不顾死活。
8. The opera finishes with a beautifully-sung final duet, which was so moving that the audience fell
silent.(Page 19, lines 32-33) 歌剧在一段美妙的终曲二重唱中结束。这段二重唱非常感人，观众都陷入了沉默。
短语finish (up) with something 的意思是“以…结束”。如：
The English evening party finished (up) with the classic song—Auld Lang Syne. 英语晚会最后以经典歌曲--《友谊地久天长》结束。
9. At the end of the story, the prince and princess marry and the whole city celebrates their happiness.(Page
119, lines 33-34) 在故事的结尾，王子和公主结婚了，整个紫禁城都在欢庆他们的幸福。
The whole city在并列句中作主语，指“整体”概念，谓语动词用单数。英语中如army，audience，class，club，company，committee，crew，crowd，staff，family，public，government，group，party，union，population，team等，表示“整体中的成员”时，则作复数使用。
IV. Homework
1. A1 & A2 on page 108 in workbook: 2. Unit Revision: P80: Period 3.
V. Notes after teaching
第 5 页 共 11 页
Unit 2 The universal language
Period 3 Word power and Task
I. Teaching aims:
1. Learn some useful phrases and sentences
2. After learning this period, the students will be able to: Master some language points . II. Teaching procedures:
Step 1: Teaching check before class
Step 2: Useful phrases 1. leave out 2. cross out/ off 3. participate in 4. try out
5. develop one’s interest in 6. make friends with 7. split up
8. deserve to do sth
Step 3. Useful and difficult sentences 1. It is a real privilege for sb to do sth
2. I would like to do ----
3. sb serves as-----
III. Homework
Remember the words and expressions
IV. Notes after teaching
第 6 页 共 11 页
Unit 2 The universal language
Period 4 Grammar and usage
I. Teaching aims:
After learning this period, the students will be able to:
1. clarify the concepts of the past tenses and the future tenses; 2. learn more knowledge about the above two tenses;
3. use the above two tenses appropriately in certain contexts.
II. Teaching procedures:
Step 1 Revision of the past tenses. (PPT1-6) Step 2 Application
省略是英语中的一种避免重复，突出关键词语，并使上下文紧密连接的语法手段。原则是既不损害语法
结构，同时又不能产生歧义。
1. 不使用替代词的省略
(1) 省略主语
I have done more than (what) is required.我已经做的比该做的多了。
(You) Open the window and the door for me, please.请替我打开窗户和门。 (2) 省略主谓语或主谓语的一部分
Why (do) not (you) say goodbye to your lovely cousin? 为什么不和你可爱的表弟说再见呢？
(Are you) Ready? Try to answer these questions in your own words. 准备好了吗？用你们自己的话来回答这些问题。 (3) 省略宾语
—Which of them is better?它们中哪个更好？
—Well, it is hard to tell (which of them is better).嗯，这很难说。 (4) 省略表语
—Are you hungry?你饿吗？
—Yes, I am (hungry).是的，我饿了。 (5) 省略所有格后面的名词
Jack and his sister stayed in his uncle’s (home) during the summer vacation. 杰克和他的妹妹暑假里住在他的叔叔家。
The girl’s handwriting is much better than his brother’s (handwriting).
这个女孩的字写得比她弟弟（的）好得多。
(6) 省略定语从句中的关系代词
关系代词that，which，whom在定语从句中作宾语时通常都可以省略。如： The book (that) he bought last week is written by Guo Jingming. 他上周买的那本书是郭敬明写的。
Here is the wonderful book (which) I have read many times. 这就是我读过多遍的很棒的书。
The man (whom) you had said hello to was my English teacher. 你刚才打招呼的那个人是我的英语老师。 (7) 不定式中的省略
A 英语中为避免重复，经常省略上文已提到的动词原形，只保留不定式中的小品词to；这类动词有expect，forget，hope，intend，mean，prefer，refuse，try，want，wish，would like，like
第 7 页 共 11 页
和love等。如：
She asked me to dance with her, but I didn’t want to (dance with her). 她邀请我和她跳舞，但我不想跳。
—Do you want to give us a lecture about how to use an English dictionary?
—No, I prefer not to (give you a lecture about how to use an English dictionary). —你想给我们做个关于如何使用英语字典的讲座吗？—不，我不愿做。 B 在have to，need，ought to，be going to，used to等候省略动词。如： I really didn’t want to go there with him, but I had to (go there with him). 虽然我真不想和他一起去，但又不得不去。
C 在某些形容词delight，glad，happy，pleased等后省略to后面的动词。如： —Will you join in our discussion? 和我们一起讨论吧？ —I’ll be glad to (join in your discussion). 很高兴参加。
D 如果不定式中带有be，have，have been等，通常保留be，have，have been。如： —Did he pass the driving test? 他通过驾驶考试了吗？
—No, but he ought to have (passed the driving test). 没有，不过他应该通过的。
2. 使用替代词的省略
(1) 通常情况下，在省略了某个词、短语或句子时，还需要用某个替代词。常用的替代词有：
do/does/did，so，not，neither，nor和the same等。
用助动词do/does/did来替代上文出现的动词，以免重复。如： She speaks English more fluently than her elder sister does. 她的英语说得比姐姐流利。
(2) 用so可替代单词、短语或句子，作believe，be afraid，expect，do，fear，hope，suppose，say，
think等的宾语。如：
—Will it be fine tomorrow? 明天会是晴天吗？
—I hope so. (I hope that it will be fine tomorrow.) 我希望如此。
3. 状语从句和独立主格结构中的省略
(1) 在虚拟条件句中，当助动词为were，had，should等时，连词if可省略，但were，had和should
等需要倒装到主语的前面。如：
Had I had time, I would have gone shopping with you. 要是有空的话，我就可以和你一起逛街了。
(2) 如果状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，并且从句的谓语部分由be动词，则可以将从句的主语
连同be动词一起省略。引导这类状语从句的连词有：when，while，thought，if和unless等。如：
The old woman was knocked down while (she was) crossing the street. 那位老太太过马路时被撞倒了。
The little girl began to cry when (she was) asked by the police. 当警察问小姑娘话时，她哭了起来。
(3) 有些状语从句中，如果从句的主语是it，其后的be动词及其主语可一起省略。这种结果通常为
if it is possible，when it is necessary等。如：
Please try to finish your homework by yourself if (it is) possible. 如果可能的话，请尽量独立完成你的家庭作业。
We’ll have the old house pulled down when (it is) necessary. 必要时，我们会把老房子推倒。
(4) 在作状语的独立主格结构中，分词短语往往可以部分被省略。如：
第 8 页 共 11 页
The work (having been) done, the secretary left the office and went home. 工作做完后，秘书离开办公室回家。
The weather (being) fine, we decided to go on a picnic on the beach. 天气很好，我们决定到海滩野餐。
III. Homework
IV. Notes after teaching
第 9 页 共 11 页
Unit 2 The universal language
Period 5 Project
I. Teaching objectives:
1. Ss will learn how to write an essay about pop stars and popular musicians. 2. Ss will learn how to finish a project by working together. II. Teaching focus and difficulties:
Cooperate with their group members to fulfill each part of the work. III. Teaching methods:
1. Listening, reading and thinking to get students to understand the text.
2. Pair discussion and group discussion to get students to participate in the classroom activities. IV. Teaching procedures and ways: Step 1 Lead in
Who is your favorite pop star or popular musician? Step 2 Answer the questions: Q1: Say sth about early jazz.
Q2: What was the 1960s pop music like? Step 3 Language points:
1. My column today takes a brief look at how Western pop music evolved over the last one hundred
years from jazz to rock. (Page 30, lines 2-3)
今天我的专栏将简要地回顾了一下在过去的一年里西方的流行音乐是如何从爵士乐发展到摇滚乐的。
句中evolve是不及动词，意思是“发展（经历逐渐的变化过程）；进化；成长”；有时也可用作及物动词。如：
It was unbelievable that the simple plan had evolved into such a complex scheme finally. 令人难以置信，这个简单的计划最终发展成了一个如此复杂的规划。 You must evolve a style of your own if you want to become a famed writer. 如果你想成为一个有名的作家，你就必须要逐步形成自己的风格。
2. From the early 1930s to the early 1950s, traditional jazz went into a bit of a decline, and was replaced
in popularity by a new kind of music known as swing.(Page 30, lines 16-18) 从20世纪30年代早期到20世纪50年代早期，传统的爵士乐有一点没落了，流行趋势被一种叫作摇滚乐的新音乐所取代。
(1) 句中go into a decline的意思是“衰退，衰落；减少”，go可以用fall替代。如：
The company went/fell into a decline because it could not grant the customers’ demands. 由于不能满足顾客需求，这家公司的生意每况愈下。 (2) Replace是及物动词，意为“取代，替换，代替”，可用在主动语态和被动语态中。如：
Cars have replaced bikes gradually in the rich town.
第 10 页 共 11 页
这个富裕的小镇上，汽车已经逐渐取代了自行车。
The mouse of the computer has to be replaced by a new one. 这个电脑的鼠标得换个新的了。
3. Swing music is a kind of jazz and was intended for dancing. (Page 30, line 18)
摇摆乐是一种爵士乐，用于跳舞。
句中短语be intended for的意思“给…用的，为…写（买）的”。如： Most children don’t like the books that are intended for adults. 绝大多数的儿童不喜欢为成人写的书。
Intend也可作为动词使用，意思是“想要，打算，意图”。如： The boss intends his youngest son to manage the company. 那个老板打算让他最小的儿子经营公司。
They intended no harm, so it was unnecessary for us to be openly hostile towards them. 他们没有恶意，所以我们不必要公然对抗他们。
4. During the 1950s, R&B changed modern music further and led to what we know as rock and
roll.(Page 30, lines 25-26)
在20世纪50年代，R&B进一步改变了现代音乐，发展成为我们现在所熟知的摇滚乐。 短语lead to的意思是“导致，导向”。相关的短语有，lie in意为“在于，出于”；result in意为“导致”。如：
Hard work leads to success.成功出于勤奋。 Success lies in hard work.成功在于努力。
These measures resulted in a great victory.由于采取了这些措施，打了一个大胜仗。
5. A poor white boy named Elvis Presley turned out to be the answer to Philip’s prayers.(Page 30, lines
35-36)
菲利普斯的祈祷结果是在一个名字叫埃尔维斯·普雷斯利的贫穷白人男孩那儿得到了回应。 (1) 短语turn out意为“结果为…，变成…”。如：
The party turned out (to be) a great success.晚会很成功。 (2) 句子the answer to意思是“对…的回应/答复”，注意此处的to是介词。如：
As if in answer to my prayer, my father promised me a laptop. 好像祈祷灵验了，爸爸答应给我买个笔记本电脑。
V. Homework
1. Finish Parts A and B on page115 in workbook. 2. Unit Revision: English Weekly VI. Notes after teaching 第 11 页 共 11 页
这个富裕的小镇上，汽车已经逐渐取代了自行车。
The mouse of the computer has to be replaced by a new one. 这个电脑的鼠标得换个新的了。
3. Swing music is a kind of jazz and was intended for dancing. (Page 30, line 18)
摇摆乐是一种爵士乐，用于跳舞。
句中短语be intended for的意思“给…用的，为…写（买）的”。如： Most children don’t like the books that are intended for adults. 绝大多数的儿童不喜欢为成人写的书。
Intend也可作为动词使用，意思是“想要，打算，意图”。如： The boss intends his youngest son to manage the company. 那个老板打算让他最小的儿子经营公司。
They intended no harm, so it was unnecessary for us to be openly hostile towards them. 他们没有恶意，所以我们不必要公然对抗他们。
4. During the 1950s, R&B changed modern music further and led to what we know as rock and
roll.(Page 30, lines 25-26)
在20世纪50年代，R&B进一步改变了现代音乐，发展成为我们现在所熟知的摇滚乐。 短语lead to的意思是“导致，导向”。相关的短语有，lie in意为“在于，出于”；result in意为“导致”。如：
Hard work leads to success.成功出于勤奋。 Success lies in hard work.成功在于努力。
These measures resulted in a great victory.由于采取了这些措施，打了一个大胜仗。
5. A poor white boy named Elvis Presley turned out to be the answer to Philip’s prayers.(Page 30, lines
35-36)
菲利普斯的祈祷结果是在一个名字叫埃尔维斯·普雷斯利的贫穷白人男孩那儿得到了回应。 (1) 短语turn out意为“结果为…，变成…”。如：
The party turned out (to be) a great success.晚会很成功。 (2) 句子the answer to意思是“对…的回应/答复”，注意此处的to是介词。如：
As if in answer to my prayer, my father promised me a laptop. 好像祈祷灵验了，爸爸答应给我买个笔记本电脑。
V. Homework
1. Finish Parts A and B on page115 in workbook. 2. Unit Revision: English Weekly VI. Notes after teaching 第 11 页 共 11 页
