It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.译文：当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础，而不是以我们今天所说的英语为基础。【注释：more… than …：与其说… 不如说….。如：He is more lazy than stupid.与其说他蠢笨，不如说他懒惰。 注意：可以用based on的独立结构形式作状语，类似于according to. On the base of…：以…为基础。{试题： ____ on this report, the English government decided to ask Captain James Cook to go and look for this continent. A. Having based B. Basing C. Based D. To be based } ③at present目前，现在。 For the present现在，目前。 Be present at …:出席…。 present sth. to sb.把某物作为礼物送给某人。】 Then gradually between about AD 800 and 1150, English became less like German because those who ruled England spoke first Danish and later French. 译文：然后,在公元800年至公元1150年期间，由于那些统治英格兰的人先说丹麦语，后来又说法语，这样英语就逐渐变得不像德语了。【注释：① become less like变得不像。 ②who ruled England是由who引导的定语从句，who为关系代词，代指前面的先行词those,用于指“人”。 ③{辨析：rule, govern, control都有“管理，支配，控制”之意，当govern和rule用作“统治，控制”一个国家时，可以互换。但，⑴rule是正式的、庄重的的用语，常用贬义，比govern更专权地管理或统治，含有专制或独裁的意味。⑵govern指靠权力、专制或按宪法来系统地管理、统治国家、城市、机构等，含有需要知识和判断力来治理和管理的意味。⑶control指人对事物的一般控制与约束，含有强制使其服从的意味。{试题：1）Alexamder the Great _______ (over) a large empire. 2) She couldn’t ________ herself that moment. 答案：1) ruled; 2) control} }】 These new settlers enriched the English language and especially its vocabulary.译文：这些新定居者丰富了英语语言，尤其是在词汇方面。【注释：①enrich是en + rich构成的派生词，意为“使丰富”，其结构式为“en + 形容词”,（比如：enlarge扩大，encourage鼓励）。 ②especially表示递进关系，意为“尤其是”，而specially则表示目的，意为“专门地，特殊地”。 试题：1）he despised them all, _______ Sylvester.他瞧不起他们所有的人，尤其是西尔维斯特。2) I came here ___________ to see you.我特地到这里来就是为了看你。答案：1） especially； 2）specially。】 So by the 1600’s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before. 译文：所以，到了十七世纪莎士比亚比以前能使用更为宽泛词汇。【注释：make use of…利用，使用； make full use of…充分利用；make good use of…好好利用；make little use of …不充分利用；take full advantage of…充分利用。例如：1) We should consider what use can be made of such a material. 2) In my opinion, the old shopping bag can still be made use of. In 1620 some British settlers moved to America.译文：在1620年，一些英国移民移到美国。 Later in the 18th century some British people were taken to Australia too.译文：后来，在18世纪一些英国人也被带到澳大利亚。【注释： sb. is taken to sp.某人被带到某处。】 English began to be spoken in both countries.译文：在这两个国家开始说英语。
Finally by the 19th century the language was settled.译文：最终，到19世纪这种语言稳定下来。【注释：settled adj. 不变的,不大可能改变的,稳定的. 例如：Once we get settled, we must ask the neighbours in for coffee.我们一安顿下来,就一定请邻居来家里喝咖啡。】 At that time two big changes in English spelling happened: first Samuel Johnson wrote his dictionary and later Noah Webster wrote The American Dictionary of the English Language.译文：当时，英语拼写出现两大变化：首先Samuel Johnson写了一部词典，后来Noah Webster写了美国英语词典。【注释：at that time当时，在那时】 The latter gave a separate identity to American English spelling.译文：后者对美国英语拼写给予单独特性。【注释：the latter后者；与其意思对应的是the former“前者”； latter adj. 后者的，后半的，接近终了的； late adj. 迟的，晚到的；later adv较晚地; lately adv. 近来，最近，不久前。例如：1）Have you seen him lately?你最近见到过他吗? 2）We later learnt that this wasn\'t true at all.我们后来了解到根本不是这么回事。】
English now is also spoken as a foreign or second language in South Asia.译文：现在在南亚，英语也作为一门外语或第二语言。 For example, India has a very large number of fluent English speakers because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947.译文：例如，由于英国从1765年至1947年统治印度，所以印度拥有大量的能流利说英语的人。【注释：①a large number of …许多，大量的。】 During that time English became the language for government and education. 译文：在此期间，英语成为用于政府和教育的语言。English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa such as South Africa. 译文：在新加坡、马来西亚以及非洲一些国家如南非也说英语。Today the number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly.译文：如今，中国学英语的人数在快速增长。【注释：the number of …作主语时，其后的谓语动词使用三单式形式】 In fact, China may have the largest number of English learners. 译文：事实上，中国可能拥有学英语的人数最多。【注释：in fact事实上。】 Will Chinese English develop its own identity? Only time will tell.译文：中国英语会形成自己的特色吗？只有时间才能告诉我们。
Part 3 高考完形填空解题指导
1. The town’s 39 was already full of ice, so it couldn’t come by ship.(2016北京)
39. A. airport B. station C. harbor D. border
