promotion of employment, form a reasonable and orderly pattern of income distribution, build a more fair and sustainable social security systems, medical and health system reform. The plenary, innovation of social governance, must focus on the maintenance of fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people, maximize factors, enhance social development, improving social governance, the interests of national security, ensure that the people live and work, social stability and order. o improve social governance, stimulating social organization, innovative and effective system of preventing and resolving social conflicts, improving the public security system, set up the National Security Council, national security systems and national security strategy to ensure national security. Plenary session, the construction of ecological civilization, you must establish systems of ecological system, using the system to protect the ecological environment. To improve naturalresources asset property right system and use control, red line of delimitation of ecological protection, resources paid use system and ecological compensation system in ecological environment protection management system reform. Plenary session, centering on building a listening party command, can win and having a fine style of the people's army, a strong army under the new situation of the party Goals, restricting the development of national defense and army building is solved outstanding contradictions and problems, innovation and development of military theory, enhance military strategic guidance, improve the military strategy in the new period, building a modern military force system with Chinese characteristics. o deepen the adjustment of personnel system reform in the army, military policy and system reform, promote the development of military and civilian integration depth. Plenary session stressed that comprehensive reform must be to strengthen and improve theparty's leadership, give full play to the core role of the party commands the overall situation and coordinating all parties, improving the party's leading water ... Margin. Challenged the leadership of the Communist Party of China, Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong thought by Deng Xiao-ping's flag, replaced by three representatives and the harmonic society. The former Communist Party spirit and social cohesion point of almost all political makeover. Characteristics of socialism public ownership is shifting to private ownership, planned regulation and market regulation, the proletarian regime controlled by the elite. Of universal equality, fairness and basic principles of distribution system is socialist society, however after economic monopolized by powerful, vested interests growemployers do not have the same status, hardly seems fair social distribution. State key protection of capital interests rather than the interests of citizens, had been hits the bottom of the proletariat 《教育心理学》有关理论、代表人物及著作
（顺序基本按《考试大纲》内容）
1、第一本《教育心理学》，《教育心理大纲》——1903年桑代克（美国心理学家） 2、现代教育心理学奠基人——桑代克
3、20世纪课程改革运动——布鲁纳（美国） 4、我国第一本《教育心理学》——1924年廖世承
5、幼禽追随母禽的关键期发现——劳伦兹（奥地利生物学家） 6、认知发展阶段理论——皮亚杰（瑞士心理学家） 7、最近发展区——维果斯基（前苏联） 8、人格发展理论八阶段——埃里克森 9、家庭三种教养模式——鲍姆宁
10、比纳－西蒙智力量表——比纳、西蒙（法国） 11、斯坦福－比纳量表——推孟（斯坦福大学） 12、韦氏量表——韦克斯勒（美国） 13、掌握学习——布卢姆
14、程序教学——斯金纳（美国） 15、发现教学——布鲁纳
16、学习层次分类和学习结果分类（《学习的条件》）——加涅 17、尝试－错误说（小猫“迷箱”试验）——桑代克
18、经典性条件作用论（狗唾液分泌反应实验）——巴甫洛夫（俄国生理学家、心理学家） 19、操作性条件作用论（白鼠迷箱实验）——斯金纳 20、信息加工学习理论——加涅
21、完形－顿悟说（黑猩猩取香蕉实验）——苛勒 22、认知－结构（发现）学习论——布鲁纳
23、有意义的接受学习论——奥苏伯尔（美国认知教育心理学家） 24、先行组织者——奥苏伯尔
25、学习成就动机驱力说——奥苏伯尔
26、需要层次理论——马斯洛（美国心理学家） 27、成就动机理论——阿特金森
28、成败归因理论——维纳（美国心理学家） 29、自我效能感理论——班杜拉
30、耶克斯－多德森定律（倒U曲线）——耶克斯、多德森（美国） 31、迁移理论共同要素说——桑代克 32、迁移理论经验类化理论——贾德
33、认知结构迁移理论——奥苏伯尔、安德森 34、定势影响迁移的典型例证：“量杯”实验——陆钦斯 35、艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线——艾宾浩斯（德国心理学家） 36、痕迹衰退说——亚里士多德、桑代克 37、同化说——奥苏伯尔
38、动机说（也叫压抑理论）——弗洛伊德
39、心智动作形成五阶段理论——加里培林（前苏联心理学家） 40、心智动作形成三阶段理论——安德森
bviously, face China's Socialist system, the Communist Party is not the party. In that case, political chaos has been very tight. Is remodeling or reconstruction, is a correction or a stove. Whether to turn right or left, is back to the source or put forward new political ideas. This is to determine the road problems in China, is also the key out of the deep water of the reform of the economic system. After 18, the new Central collective leadership attaches great importance to political orientation. First, the \cles\ng point, starting from the Central Government's self-restraint, which preaches and pro-image, brought fresh feeling to the community. Secondly, before reform and opening up and reform and opening two periods after non-negative, untying the tangle of the society a long time on this issue. Third, a new generation of party leaders on various occasions to Mao Ze-Dong and Mao Ze-Dong's thought of evaluation has room for manoeuvre, through to the ruling ideology of Mao Zedong thought, is the call of the soul to the Socialist Revolution and construction. Empty talks jeopardize national interests and try again, is an affirmation of Deng Xiao-ping's reform ideas. These strong political signal showing a new generation of political leaders is still keeping to the Socialist road. Four is revisiting the \o Ze-Dong's historical cycle of\ofile anti-corruption and the importance of the Constitution, reorganization is bad style of officialdom, was to civilize people obey the law, while improving the color change of the regime of vigilance. Five is to reform into deeper waters and stressed that top-level design, this is a review on the reform and opening up in the past, is also looking for a way out. Six foreign and Russia closer, the flexible attitude on the issue of the Korean peninsula, Sino-Japanese fishing hardline China on the island out of the \nt\ow profile shadow began to gradually plan development. Signs show that the new leadership began to make a left turn in politics. However, as of right now, not only ideological confusion in the community, the new leadership's thinking is messy. New leaders both stressed the need to implement the Constitution, stressed the need to turn off the power in a cage. Also stresses that Mao Zedong thought cannot be lost, 30 years after the reform and opening up 30 years ago can not deny each other. Both advocate democracy and release \n does not speak of\cal constraints. Neither deny the history of the CPC Central Committee on several issues ...Comrades: today brings together members, mainly in order to provide a platform to Exchange and learn from each other in order to facilitate our work. Just now, we focus on taxation, planning and stability, safety, project construction, typical topics such as private facts presentation and interaction, and towns currently exist in the in-depth analysis of the problems to be solved, to explore new methods to solve the problem. It can be said that summing up the achievement, no grandstanding; analysispromotion of employment, form a reasonable and orderly pattern of income distribution, build a more fair and sustainable social security systems, medical and health system reform. The plenary, innovation of social governance, must focus on the maintenance of fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people, maximize factors, enhance social development, improving social governance, the interests of national security, ensure that the people live and work, social stability and order. o improve social governance, stimulating social organization, innovative and effective system of preventing and resolving social conflicts, improving the public security system, set up the National Security Council, national security systems and national security strategy to ensure national security. Plenary session, the construction of ecological civilization, you must establish systems of ecological system, using the system to protect the ecological environment. o improve naturalresources asset property right system and use control, red line of delimitation of ecological protection, resources paid use system and ecological compensation system in ecological environment protection management system reform. Plenary session, centering on building a listening party command, can win and having a fine style of the people's army, a strong army under the new situation of the party Goals, restricting the development of national defense and army building is solved outstanding contradictions and problems, innovation and development of military theory, enhance military strategic guidance, improve he military strategy in the new period, building a modern military force system with Chinese characteristics. o deepen the adjustment of personnel system reform in the army, military policy and system reform, promote the development of military and civilian integration depth. Plenary session stressed that comprehensive reform must be to strengthen and improve theparty's leadership, give full play to the core role of the party commands the overall situation and coordinating all parties, improving the party's leading water ... Margin. Challenged the leadership of the Communist Party of China, Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong thought by Deng Xiao-ping's flag, replaced by three representatives and the harmonic society. The former Communist Party spirit and social cohesion point of almost all political makeover. Characteristics of socialism public ownership is shifting to private ownership, planned regulation and market regulation, the proletarian regime controlled by the elite. Of universal equality, fairness and basic principles of distribution system is socialist society, however after economic monopolized by powerful, vested interests growemployers do not have the same status, hardly seems fair social distribution. State key protection of capital interests rather than the interests of citizens, had been hits the bottom of the proletariat 41、道德发展他律道德－自律道德论——皮亚杰 42、两难故事三水平六阶段论——柯尔伯格 43、理性情绪疗法——艾里斯
44、认知、情感、动作技能教学目标分类法——布卢姆 45、教师领导方式分类——勒温 46、皮格马利翁效应——罗森塔尔 47、教师成长三阶段论——福勒、布朗 48、教师成长公式——波斯纳
小练习：
1、迁移的概括原理理论认为实现迁移的原因是两种学习之间有共同的概括化的原理，这一理论的代表人物是（ ）
A、桑代克 B、苛勒 C、奥苏倍尔 D、贾德
2、有人说学生之所以成为现在的样子是教师或家长期望的结果，能够解释这句话的原理是（ ）
A、晕轮效应 B、罗森塔尔效应 C、同化理论 D、关系转换理论 3、目前教育领域最常用的教育目标分类系统是（ ） A、加涅的学习结果分类 B、布卢姆的教育目标分类 C、加涅的层次累计观点 D、奥苏伯尔的知识分类系统 4、维果茨基提出“教学应走在发展前面”的含义是（ ）
A、提前讲授下一阶段才能掌握的内容 B、教学可以不考虑儿童现有的发展水平 C、教学的重要任务是创造最近发展区 D、根据学生现有的水平进行教学 5、皮亚杰提出的认知发展四个阶段由低向高的发展顺序是（ ） A、不可改变的 B、可以跳跃的 C、因人而异的 D、可人为改变的 6、1903年，美国心理学家（ ）出版了《教育心理学》，这是西方第一本以“教育心理学”命名的专著。
A、卡列杰夫 B、廖世承 C、乌申斯基 D、桑代克
7、廖世承编写了我国第一本《教育心理学》教科书是在（ ）年。 A、 1903 B 、1908 C 、1913 D 、1924 8、操作性条件反射学说的代表人物是（ ）
A、斯金纳 B、巴甫洛夫 C、桑代克 D、班杜拉 9、最早提出经典性条件反射的人是（ ）
A、斯金纳 B、巴甫洛夫 C、桑代克 D、班杜拉 10、奥苏贝尔认为，学生学习的实质是（ ）
A、有意义接受学习 B、有意义发现学习 C、发现学习 D、探究学习 11、把动机分为认知内驱力、自我提高内驱力和附属内驱力的是（ ） A、奥苏倍尔 B、桑代克 C、布鲁纳 D、斯金纳 12、道德两难故事法的创始人是（ ）
A、皮亚杰 B、弗洛伊德 C、班杜拉 D、柯尔伯格 13、美国心理学家桑代克反对形式训练说，提出了迁移的（ ） A、相同要素说 B、概括化理论 C、关系转换说 D、学习定势说
14、提出了儿童青少年品德发展三个水平六个阶段理论的心理学家是（ ） A、皮亚杰 B、斯陶布 C、章志光 D、柯尔伯格 15、布鲁纳强调学习（ ）的重要性。
bviously, face China's Socialist system, the Communist Party is not the party. In that case, political chaos has been very tight. Is remodeling or reconstruction, is a correction or a stove. Whether to turn right or left, is back to the source or put forward new political ideas. This is to determine the road problems in China, is also the key out of the deep water of the reform of the economic system. After 18, the new Central collective leadership attaches great importance to political orientation. First, the \cles\ng point, starting from the Central Government's self-restraint, which preaches and pro-image, brought fresh feeling to the community. Secondly, before reform and opening up and reform and opening two periods after non-negative, untying the tangle of the society a long time on this issue. Third, a new generation of party leaders on various occasions to Mao Ze-Dong and Mao Ze-Dong's thought of evaluation has room for manoeuvre, through to the ruling ideology of Mao Zedong thought, is the call of the soul to the Socialist Revolution and construction. Empty talks jeopardize national interests and try again, is an affirmation of Deng Xiao-ping's reform ideas. These strong political signal showing a new generation of political leaders is still keeping to the Socialist road. Four is revisiting the \o Ze-Dong's historical cycle of\ofile anti-corruption and the importance of the Constitution, reorganization is bad style of officialdom, was to civilize people obey the law, while improving the color change of the regime of vigilance. Five is to reform into deeper waters and stressed that top-level design, this is a review on the reform and opening up in the past, is also looking for a way out. Six foreign and Russia closer, the flexible attitude on the issue of the Korean peninsula, Sino-Japanese fishing hardline China on the island out of the \nt\ow profile shadow began to gradually plan development. Signs show that the new leadership began to make a left turn in politics. However, as of right now, not only ideological confusion in the community, the new leadership's thinking is messy. New leaders both stressed the need to implement the Constitution, stressed the need to turn off the power in a cage. Also stresses that Mao Zedong thought cannot be lost, 30 years after the reform and opening up 30 years ago can not deny each other. Both advocate democracy and release \n does not speak of\cal constraints. Neither deny the history of the CPC Central Committee on several issues ...Comrades: today brings together members, mainly in order to provide a platform to Exchange and learn from each other in order to facilitate our work. Just now, we focus on taxation, planning and stability, safety, project construction, typical topics such as private facts presentation and interaction, and towns currently exist in the in-depth analysis of the problems to be solved, to explore new methods to solve the problem. It can be said that summing up the achievement, no grandstanding; analysis promotion of employment, form a reasonable and orderly pattern of income distribution, build a more fair and sustainable social security systems, medical and health system reform. The plenary, innovation of social governance, must focus on the maintenance of fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people, maximize factors, enhance social development, improving social governance, the interests of national security, ensure that the people live and work, social stability and order. o improve social governance, stimulating social organization, innovative and effective system of preventing and resolving social conflicts, improving the public security system, set up the National Security Council, national security systems and national security strategy to ensure national security. Plenary session, the construction of ecological civilization, you must establish systems of ecological system, using the system to protect the ecological environment. o improve naturalresources asset property right system and use control, red line of delimitation of ecological protection, resources paid use system and ecological compensation system in ecological environment protection management system reform. Plenary session, centering on building a listening party command, can win and having a fine style of the people's army, a strong army under the new situation of the party Goals, restricting the development of national defense and army building is solved outstanding contradictions and problems, innovation and development of military theory, enhance military strategic guidance, improve the military strategy in the new period, building a modern military force system with Chinese characteristics. o deepen the adjustment of personnel system reform in the army, military policy and system reform, promote the development of military and civilian integration depth. Plenary session stressed that comprehensive reform must be to strengthen and improve theparty's leadership, give full play to the core role of the party commands the overall situation and coordinating all parties, improving the party's leading water ... Margin. Challenged the leadership of the Communist Party of China, Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong thought by Deng Xiao-ping's flag, replaced by three representatives and the harmonic society. The former Communist Party spirit and social cohesion point of almost all political makeover. Characteristics of socialism public ownership is shifting to private ownership, planned regulation and market regulation, the proletarian regime controlled by the elite. Of universal equality, fairness and basic principles of distribution system is socialist society, however after economic monopolized by powerful, vested interests growemployers do not have the same status, hardly seems fair social distribution. State key protection of capital interests rather than the interests of citizens, had been hits the bottom of the proletariat A、学科基本结构 B、行为习惯 C、榜样行为 D、动机 16、在学习理论领域，（ ）是当代教育心理学中的一场革命。 A、行为主义 B、认知主义 C、人本主义 D、建构主义 17、加里培林提出了（ ）的理论。
A、掌握学习 B、观察学习 C、智力活动按阶段形成 D、学习结果的分类 18、提出发现教学的是（ ）
A、布卢姆 B、布鲁纳 C、斯金纳 D、加涅 19、（多选题）福勒和布朗根据教学所关注的焦点问题，把教师的成长分为哪几个阶段（ ） A、关注生存阶段 B、关注自我阶段 C、关注情境阶段 D、关注学生阶段 20、（多选题）早期的迁移理论有（ ）
A、相同元素说 B、形式训练说 C、概括化理论 D、格式塔关系理论
参考答案：
1－5：DBBCA 6－10：DDABA 11－15：ADADA 16－18：DCB 19：ACD 20：ABCD
bviously, face China's Socialist system, the Communist Party is not the party. In that case, political chaos has been very tight. Is remodeling or reconstruction, is a correction or a stove. Whether to turn right or left, is back to the source or put forward new political ideas. This is to determine the road problems in China, is also the key out of the deep water of the reform of the economic system. After 18, the new Central collective leadership attaches great importance to political orientation. First, the \cles\ng point, starting from the Central Government's self-restraint, which preaches and pro-image, brought fresh feeling to the community. Secondly, before reform and opening up and reform and opening two periods after non-negative, untying the tangle of the society a long time on this issue. Third, a new generation of party leaders on various occasions to Mao Ze-Dong and Mao Ze-Dong's thought of evaluation has room for manoeuvre, through to the ruling ideology of Mao Zedong thought, is the call of the soul to the Socialist Revolution and construction. Empty talks jeopardize national interests and try again, is an affirmation of Deng Xiao-ping's reform ideas. These strong political signal showing a new generation of political leaders is still keeping to the Socialist road. Four is revisiting the \o Ze-Dong's historical cycle of\ofile anti-corruption and the importance of the Constitution, reorganization is bad style of officialdom, was to civilize people obey the law, while improving the color change of the regime of vigilance. Five is to reform into deeper waters and stressed that top-level design, this is a review on the reform and opening up in the past, is also looking for a way out. Six foreign and Russia closer, the flexible attitude on the issue of the Korean peninsula, Sino-Japanese fishing hardline China on the island out of the \nt\ow profile shadow began to gradually plan development. Signs show that the new leadership began to make a left turn in politics. However, as of right now, not only ideological confusion in the community, the new leadership's thinking is messy. New leaders both stressed the need to implement the Constitution, stressed the need to turn off the power in a cage. Also stresses that Mao Zedong thought cannot be lost, 30 years after the reform and opening up 30 years ago can not deny each other. Both advocate democracy and release \n does not speak of\cal constraints. Neither deny the history of the CPC Central Committee on several issues ...Comrades: today brings together members, mainly in order to provide a platform to Exchange and learn from each other in order to facilitate our work. Just now, we focus on taxation, planning and stability, safety, project construction, typical topics such as private facts presentation and interaction, and towns currently exist in the in-depth analysis of the problems to be solved, to explore new methods to solve the problem. It can be said that summing up the achievement, no grandstanding; analysis
